Intelligent Decision Technology and Computational †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Intelligent Decision Technology and Computational. Answer: Introduction: Advancements in technology in the past few decades have had a lot of impact in the society. Whether positive or negative, the effects of technology on various aspects in the society cannot be over emphasized. (rarr, 2017). However ethical issues still arise on the use of technology. For example, cybercrimes has been a major issue especially among young people with the recent case of Blue whale being a point of reference on how technology can be used for the wrong reasons. (Anand, 2017). The purpose of this report is discuss ethical issues regarding technology management with reference to the case study above. The structure of this report will include an introduction, a body where major ethical concerns will be discussed and finally a conclusion. In the above case study, we see a man who finds himself having been involved in a criminal offence of taking part or more specifically being involved in events that lead to rigging of elections. In many countries technology has been incorporated in the election process. From voter registration and verification, to transmission of election results technology has played an important role in the whole process of election. However with technology comes other related ethical issues. From above case study, we see Jeff, the subject, being used to develop an algorithm that is used to adjust numbers in a predefined manner. In the case above it is claimed that the algorithm was incorporated in to the election tallying system in order to adjust the results in a pre-determined way, thereby giving false results. As we can clearly see Jeff was just an employee in a company and making the software was just like any other role in his job description. According to the information given it was unlikely that Jeff knew what the software which he developed was to be used for. Instead we can vaguely conclude that the person responsible was his boss who gave out the instructions. However, we can also raise concerns as to whether the boss knew what the software would be used for or just like Jeff he was a victim of circumstance. In another line of thought we can speculate that Jeff knew about the software he developed and knew what it was meant to do. However, in the fear of losing his job, he went ahead and following his bosss instructions. Considering the difficult situation Jeff is going through at home with his mother and siblings, was accepting the offer show a breach of ethical concerns? In addition maybe Jeffs political stand also had an impact him accepting the job. Another point to note is that during the development of the algorithm management, none of the companys resources were used and this by itself may raise questions on if the company is to blame for the malicious software. Ideally in the event that a company is to run its businesses, the resources of the companies should be used. In addition, records should be kept for future auditing. In the above case none of these protocols was followed and this raises a lot of concerns as to if the blame should be on the company or specific individuals. Another stakeholder that can be held responsible are the two gentlemen who gave this contract to the company. It is clear that they represented the party which was being involved in the rigging of the election. Like many other corrupt individuals, the two or their affiliates identified the niche in election technology. Because this technology is new in most developing countries, they knew there would be loopholes where they would take advantage and using a software or a code infiltrate the system and rig the results of the election. It can be assumed that the political stand of the companys boss may also have affected his willingness to support in the rigging of the election. Maybe the outcome of the rigged election was to favor his preferred candidate and this played a part in him being lured to accept the offer. This does not show good ethical practices especially for a chief executive officer in a company. Irrespective of if either of the parties or stakeholders discussed above were responsible for the malicious act of election rigging or not, consequences would result in each one of them. For Jeffs case despite the outcome of the police investigation, he will probably lose his job. He may not be found guilty upon the prove whether he knew what the algorithm was meant for or he was just following instructions from his boss. Ethical concerns go beyond just following instructions. It is knowing exactly why you are doing something and all possible consequences that may result. In this regard we can argue that Jeff was not ethical in his line of Job. The companys boss in all angles can definitely not argue out his ignorance in not knowing the intention of the developed algorithm. He did not observe ethics in his line of work whereby he assisted in the use of technology for the wrong reasons. It can also be claimed that it was not ethical to lure his employee in to doing a task which he knew was illegal. Although not well articulated in the case study, Possibilities that he was offered a large sum of money so that he can take part in the election rigging maybe the reason why he acted in a non-ethical manner. The affiliate party involved in the election rigging are clearly the primary suspects in the use of technology for selfish gains and for illegal businesses. Technology was introduced in the election processes with the aim of improving the accuracy, reliability and integrity of elections. However the same technology can be used to hack into database and servers and adjust figures resulting in the rigging of the elections. This shows lack of integrity and ethical concerns in the line of duty. Notable cases include the United States elections and the Kenyan elections where there has been claims of rigging. (Diamond Scott., 2016.) Ethics are the principles a person uses to decide his activities and choices. In an company, code of ethics are set of principles that guide the organization in its programs, policies and decisions for the business. (Phillips, 2010) The ethical philosophy a company uses to conduct business can affect the reputation, productivity and bottom line of the business. These ethics still apply when it comes to information communication technology. Indeed technology has made the world a global village. However ethical concerns must be put in place to prevent the wrong use of technology. For example ethical concern put in the DNA cloning technology will ensure that scientists do not clone human DNA. Enforcing rules and regulations put in place on the use of social media is important in eliminating non ethical practices like, Cyber bullying and cybercrimes. Acode of ethics is an important document for any business, and breaches of ethics can result in pronounced trouble with clients, other organizations or government authorities. Having a code of ethics makes decision-making easier at all levels of a company by reducing ambiguity and considerations of individual perspectives in ethical standards. Codes of ethics can cover any scope, from corporate to workgroup level. Corporate level ethics standards speak in general management, idealistic terms, expressing the entire ethical vision of the organization in a single document. Ethical standards for business units are a bit more specific, applying to the particular industry in question. Codes of ethics at the departmental level, deal with highly specific issues, which are often related to experiences and trends within the department. In conclusion we can agree that technology is a good thing and its here to stay. However we have to be cautious and set up ethical consideration to guide us in the prevention of misconduct either willingly or unwillingly that may result from the use of technology. Reverences: rarr, V. (2017). THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF ICT. [online] ajahana. Available at: https://ajahana.wordpress.com/2012/06/27/the-positive-and-negative-impacts-of-ict-5/ [Accessed 26 Sep. 2017]. Anand, D. (2017). Blue Whale Challenge: Perplexing the teens minds. Indian Journal of Youth and Adolescent Health, 4(2), pp.1-2. Phillips, R. (2010). Ethics and Network Organizations. Business Ethics Quarterly, 20(03), pp.533-543. Trimper, J., Wolpe, P. and Rommelfanger, K. (2014). When I becomes We: ethical implications of emerging brain-to-brain interfacing technologies. Frontiers in Neuroengineering, 7. Agbu, O. (2016). Election Rigging and the Use of Technology: The Smart Card Reader as the Joker in Nigerias 2015 Presidential Election. Journal of African elections, 15(2), pp.90-111. Alakavuklar, O. and Alamgir, F. (2017). Ethics of Resistance in Organisations: A Conceptual Proposal. Journal of Business Ethics. Albrechtslund, A. (2006). Ethics and technology design. Ethics and Information Technology, 9(1), pp.63-72. Bhattarakosol, P. (n.d.). Interactions among Thai Culture, ICT, and IT Ethics. Information Technology Ethics. Ethics and Technology. (n.d.). The Ethics of Cultural Studies. Finn, A. (n.d.). Intelligent Decision-Making Technology and Computational Ethics. The Ethics of Creativity. Riivari, E. and Lms, A. (2013). Does it Pay to Be Ethical? Examining the Relationship Between Organisations Ethical Culture and Innovativeness. Journal of Business Ethics, 124(1), pp.1-17. Sandler, R. (2014). Introduction: Technology and Ethics. Ethics and Emerging Technologies, pp.1-23.

Jazz Concert Report free essay sample

The Wayne Shorter Quarter concert was unlike any concert I have ever been to. The variety of instruments and style of the performers contributed to a unique experience. Not only was the music I heard versatile on several levels, but the behavior of the performers, appearance of the audience, and atmosphere of the venue contributed to my take away from the show. These factors allowed me to obtain a better understanding of Jazz as not only an art form, but as a culture. The audience was the first thing I noticed when entering the venue. Most of the attendees were middle-aged and Caucasian.They were dressed in casual but nice clothing. It was not a formal event but no one was wearing tennis shoes are gym clothes. I also noticed that alcohol was being served with light refreshments. This contributed to the relaxed and casual environment that I expected of a jazz concert. We will write a custom essay sample on Jazz Concert Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I also spoke with a few concert attendees that were closer to my age. They said that they were part of a Jazz band and were big Wayne Shorter fans. This showed me that Wayne shorter music has listeners from multiple generations and Is still Influencing nouns musicians today.In the actual concert I noticed that the audience did not respond to the performers in any way other than clapping. I expected the audience to be more engaged and not Just sit passively. However, they did thoroughly enjoy the performance because they received encore performances. My take away from the audience is that they were older adults who are strong Jazz enthusiasts. This did not seem like a concert someone would go to if they did not have a deep knowledge of Jazz. The appearance and behavior of the performers contributed to the casual feeling of the concert as well. All the performers were wearing normal day clothes and were not formally introduced. Wayne Shorter had a detailed introduction but the other performers did not. I realized that everyone in the audience probably knew a lot about the other performers and this Is why they were not Introduced. This assumption of further knowledge is another example of how the audience was most likely avid Jazz listeners and already knew about the other performers. The behavior of the performers was unlike any ensemble I have seen before. I usually attend alternative band concerts or solo singer concerts.This quartet seemed to have equal parts in the production without overshadowing each other. This showed me that they all have an immense respect for one another. At first I thought Shorter would steal the show and outshine the other performers because he was essentially the star, however, he did exactly the opposite. He waited for the right moments to add his sound to the group. The other members even seemed to Invite him into playing with certain riffs but he would wait until he thought the time was right to Jump in.I appreciate this in a performer because they can usually let fame ND success Inflate their ego but Shorter seemed humble and respectful of the other musicians. The pianist, Daniel Perez, sticks out In my mind In particular because It seemed like he was the backbone of the performance. He was almost always playing, not in a stealing the spotlight way, but in a way that provided a baseline for the it is egging Shorter on to play because it involved lower notes that catered so well to the contrasting Soprano Saxophone he was playing. Brian Blade, the drummer, was also another performer that would feed off of Peepers undertones.Blade, on the other hand, added a large amount of flair and passion to the piece. He was constantly moving and Jumping in and out of his seat. Through his intensity and fast tempo, he kept people on the edge of their seat with whatever riff or tempo he would produce next. I also found it fascinating that he changed the sticks he was playing with so frequently. He used brushes for slower tempo and softer sounds. These brushes were also used primarily on the snare to add accents to the other performers sounds. He also switched to using mallets multiple times, which added a dramatic ND melodically intense tone to the song they were playing.I have never been to a concert where the drummer rarely uses actual sticks to play with, which is why I found Blades performance so captivating. The bassist, John Patriotic, was also playing his instrument nontraditional. For example, instead of using his bow, he was plucking for most of the concert. He was also beating on the wood part of his bass some. This is really showing how much of an understanding a performer has of their instrument when they can use every part of it. Blade also exhibited this as well hen he was playing on the metal part of the snare to add a stronger and sharper sound. Attending the Wayne Shorter Quartet concert was an eye-opening experience for me. This concert allowed me to obtain a better understanding of the type of people who attend Jazz concerts, what Jazz performers act like on stage, and how they feed off of one another, especially in concert atmospheres. The versatility of each performer also contributed to the holistic sound of the quartet. I recommend attending a Jazz concert for any level of Jazz knowledge one has because it is a distinct experience that leaves a lasting impression.

Essay Topics For Kids That Lie Within the Educational Spectrum of Good Learning and Healthy and Happy Living

Essay Topics For Kids That Lie Within the Educational Spectrum of Good Learning and Healthy and Happy LivingA topic for kids that lies within the educational spectrum of good learning and healthy and happy living may be one of the first choices that young children will consider when participating in a reading research. As the papers or essays become more organized, there will still be a certain amount of new questions and confusion as the school year progresses. Where do I begin?One of the first choices parents make with their children is where they fit in the world of learning and what they think the meaning of life will be. These areas for kids are often of a great concern to them in the school room, but are rarely addressed during the first months of elementary education. Children are so consumed with activities that offer excitement that the opportunities for an abundance of meaningful moments are usually missed.It is important that parents address these issues and have appropria te and relevant questions and answers ready. The objective of a story or essay topic for kids that lies within the educational spectrum of good learning and healthy and happy living is to instill the principles of the subjects with the children while providing some continuity between the earlier years of study and the later years. This topic will enable children to learn, understand and absorb all the knowledge that they need to move into the more advanced subjects.Another thing to keep in mind when choosing essay topics for kids that lie within the educational spectrum of good learning and healthy and happy living is the relative age of the child. The old adage says that children mature at different rates, but parents should remember that each child is different and the topics should be specific for each individual. In other words, one child may find that reading scientific facts makes him or her less interested in exploring the fascinating science-fiction elements of a novel.When choosing essay topics for kids that lie within the educational spectrum of good learning and healthy and happy living, there are a few things to consider. Some topics maybe a bit more difficult for the older child than the younger ones to grasp. A child that is just learning to read may find this topic difficult to understand and may not be interested in the subject. In this case, the topic can be provided at a later time by offering them a traditional essay with a bit more depth of ideas.Creating a solid and healthy parent-child relationship is a very important aspect of the overall learning process. Therefore, the parent should establish a dialogue with the child about the type of material that is going to be offered. One way of doing this is to engage the child in the process, making sure they are engaged and are willing to participate in the conversation about the topic.With all of the technology and modern lifestyles, many parents may feel that their children do not have the op portunity to interact as much as they did in the past. This may be true, but this does not mean that their children should be ignored or that they should be deprived of opportunities to learn. A focus on this type of interaction during the course of an academic year will help to improve the overall relationship between the child and the parent.Essay topics for kids that lie within the educational spectrum of good learning and healthy and happy living should be created in an interesting way. It is essential that the child's attitude is encouraging, but it must also be factual and truthful as well. In other words, the child's perspective should always be one that is realistic and truthful as well. When preparing this material, one should pay close attention to the correct spelling and grammar rules of grammar and punctuation.

Topics For Research Paper

Topics For Research PaperStudies in the field of literature, psychology and sociology are usually conducted in universities where the graduate students spend some time during their studies to write topics for a research paper. One cannot easily determine which topic for a research paper should be chosen, as it can be a very difficult task. However, when you start thinking on it, there are certain topics for a research paper that are regularly chosen.One topic for a research paper is generally selected based on the interests of the author and his or her advisor. It may not be a good topic if the authors of the paper are already engaged in writing a different research paper. The topic should always be well grounded as it should be relevant to the subject of the research paper.Another topic for a research paper is the topic on which the author has been primarily engaged throughout his or her academic career. This is an excellent topic, because it will make the content of the paper more comprehensive and provide for interesting conversation. The topic should be an accurate reflection of the writer's area of specialization. Usually, it also provides the writer with some form of reward.One idea that can be used to find out the topic for a research paper is to make use of the online forum where people discuss the topic of the research paper. The audience that can be reached through the online forum is normally young students who are interested in such topics. This is also a great way to get ideas for the topic for a research paper. Since these students can see the various topics for a research paper presented online, they can easily grab one of the ideas for the topic for a research paper.There are several ideas that can be used for the topic for a research paper. There are some topics that require lots of time and money; so the topics for a research paper should also be attractive. The topics that require little or no money are mostly chosen for research papers. In t his way, the students will get satisfaction from writing the topic for a research paper.Writing an entire research paper can be a very tedious task and can consume a lot of time. Therefore, it is important that the writing material is carefully planned. If the topic for a research paper includes the interaction between the topic and the literature and the psychology and sociology, then the writing and the presentation of the paper will be easier.Writing the paper should be done in a systematic manner. All the necessary data and information should be placed in the right place and the research paper should not contain any kind of confusion. The information that is needed to be presented must be clearly identified and the right approach must be taken in writing the paper. If the ideas and topics for the research paper are well organized, then the overall performance of the paper will be better.There are so many topics for a research paper and they can be selected from different sources . When you are going to prepare the topic for a research paper, it is important that you discuss with your advisor the proper method of presenting the topic.

Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption Essay Example

Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption Essay Abstraction Purpose Greed triggers fraud and corruptness which is one of the biggest jobs we are confronting in our state as its increasing tremendously instead than diminishing. The intent of this survey is to measure the different types of fraud and corruptness and because it is such a wide subject we will concentrate on a life state of affairs which highlights how greed plays a immense function in the creative activity of fraud and corruptness. Design/ Methodology/ attack in deepness interview are conducted with a senior measure surveyor who has been working for a catching company for the past six old ages and has allowed me to be portion of the probe procedure that is being conducted. The ground behind the probe is to happen out how come they owe such a great sum of money for revenue enhancement but money had been deducted from their wages since they started working and grounds of being below the belt dismissed. We will write a custom essay sample on Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Greed Triggers Fraud And Corruption specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Findingss The employer of the catching company seems to be subtracting money from his employee s wages but non paying the revenue enhancement company without the cognition of his employees utilizing it for his ain private usage. Extra information was found that all his workers have nt been registered under the section of labor and the company has been running for a figure of old ages now and unjust dismissal was practised in this company. Originality/ Value The concluding consequences of this paper will assist us understand and mind that there are all sorts of corruptness in the industry. Ms Anonyms will manus over all her payments slips to the probe officers to turn out that she has been working and paying for her revenue enhancement over the past old ages while working and to besides open a instance of unjust dismissal and take it to the Commission for Conciliation Meditation and Arbitration ( CCMA ) . Footing OF REFERENCE PROPBLEM DESCRIPTION Fraud and corruptness play a large function in the building industry which this consequences in the hindering of development in our state and the state non traveling frontward. Purpose The Aim of the research is to convey the affair of fraud and corruptness to attending of the reader. To observe hazards in the industry and to supply users with relevant anti- corruptness resources. Aim To happen out what triggers fraud and corruptness To what extent is an single willing to lift out low to acquire what they want and non be caught How corruptness affects the Construction industry How it hinders development. Proposal Chapter one 1.1 Introduction Greed is a critical issue impacting the building industry and state as a whole as it leads to fraud and corruptness which plays a immense portion on the hindering of development in our state. Chapter 2 2.1 Greed The selfishness of an person of desiring more and non being satisfied of what they already have. 2.2 Fraud A condemnable offense done deliberately because of personal motivations which the person will derive that could impact another person. Corruptness Chapter three 3.1 Case survey Ms Anonymous finds herself in the center of a fraud and corruptness state of affairs that she was non cognizant off. 3.2 Tax invasion CONTENT Page PGE NO. Acknwoledgements Abstraction Footings of mention Chapter 1 Introduction Fraud and Corruption are wide and complex issues but their roots are embedded in a states societal or cultural history, Political and economic development and it includes both these committed by the authorities, employers, employees, direction staff, persons or a group of people who have come together with one docket merely and these committed is motivated by Greed. Greed tips and single into fraud and corruptness which besides triggers the power of the head, when a individual starts stalling about the benefits and what one shall derive they get down to get down plotting ways in doing these ideas into world and one time these ideas become world and the result is greater than expected they start mistreating the state of affairs into their ain advantage. The building industry sector is recognised as transporting the highest hazard of corruptness, the rate of corruptness and fraud in the industry is increasing tremendously instead than diminishing which is decelerating down the economic system and surprisingly it has become an ordinary and normal wont that is being practised. It is about like a swimming pool which everybody now wants to leap in and swim in the deep terminal non bearing in head that non everybody can swim. Chapter 2 History Greed Greed is that utmost desire to achieve or posses more than what one has such as stuff wealth which is normally more than what one needs and deserves. It besides involves utilizing being affluent to derive power over others besides denying others of wealth and power. It is fundamentally being selfish, thought of one s ego while at the same-time affecting other people negative manner. For illustration if a edifice inspector would accept a payoff from a contractor to O.K. and province that all work done is of good quality and status while that is non true than that is an act of being greedy because looking at the state of affairs the lone people deriving here are the edifice inspector and the contractor while in the long it will negatively impact the community as a whole or the people who will be in usage of the premises that is being built. Fraud In the state we live in fraud is a condemnable act that would disfavor an person or a group of people and it is besides a civil jurisprudence misdemeanor. Fraud is done deliberately which involves dishonesty for personal addition or harm to other persons. Fraud can be categorized into many signifiers for illustration larceny and peculation. In a instance of fraud you would hold for illustration a individual such an Alien ( non belonging in the industry ) who knows nil about the building and the whole background of it holding certifications measure uping him in raising undertakings in a instance that he does nt flush how foundation is done. Corruptness Corruptness in any instance is the act of being dishonest and mistreating power or the individual s place. Corruptness can go on anyplace and is normally committed by an person or a group of people such as functionaries or private individuals. Corruptness comes in many signifiers such as graft, nepotism, cheating, ballot tackle and extortion. An illustration of corruptness would be paying off kickbacks to acquire multi million rand contracts for doubtful grounds, holding to regularly donating immense amounts of money to possibly political parties or purchase expensive gifts such as autos deserving 1000000s rands in-order to acquire something in return. Corruptness and fraud come in with greed because they are actions stem from the deficiency of moralss and undermine human establishment and human dealingss. Chapter 3 CASE STUDY Ms Anonymous and Contracting Company. Ms Anonymous has been working for a catching company for the past 3 old ages as a senior measure surveyor for this company. She did more than merely her employed place where she besides worked in the civil side of the work and any other work that needed attending she would be lief to help in other words she was more of an plus to the company and they had mentioned that to her every bit good. The job started when Ms Anonymous received a missive that she needed to travel kind out her revenue enhancement returns. When she went to pay a visit at the revenue enhancement company ( SARS ) . S he was informed that she owes a batch of money and was asked why she has nt been paying for her revenue enhancement? She was shocked and told them that she has been paying for her revenue enhancement of all time since she started working for her recent company the past three old ages. They told her to bespeak and RIP5 signifier from her employer and besides to maintain all her wage faux pass as cogent evidence of payments for revenue enhancement when needed to look into her history and besides that her company was one of the companies that were chosen for audits in 2012 so they would be an probe with respects to her affair of non paying revenue enhancement and would take things from at that place. Audited accounts where subsequently on done of the company and it revealed that they owe a great trade sum of money and that they have non been paying whatsoever. They told Ms Anonymous to convey all grounds as cogent evidence that money has been deducted from her history for revenue enhancement and they had promised that no information sing with her history would he linked to the proprietors of the company and had assured her that she did nil wrong as they had called in her to question her about her revenue enhancement figure. Investigations continued as the revenue enhancement research workers kept coming into the office to make Company Audits and since they had no fiscal and bank statements and how much is being charged from the workers it pin pointed that they have been non paying such as VAT and PAYE. Thingss started to be small offish at work where they were all panicking and looking for fingers to indicate as they were non cognizant how and what had led SARS to come and scrutinize the company with gaining that SARS had chosen them themselves than rumor went out the Ms Anonymous had went to SARS. Subsequently on they made false wage faux pass stating as he was paid more than she was being paid so that it will demo as if she was the 1 who was non paying Tax but so Ms Anonymousness Payslips had proven all of that incorrect. A month subsequently Ms Anonymous was called into the Bosses office and was told that due to fiscal restraints they will hold allow her travel because they will non be able to afford and they will be giving her 3 months to look for her occupation and are willing to give her good recommendation. Tax The importance of paying revenue enhancement Cipher wants to pay revenue enhancement which is extremely apprehensible but that money is the lone money raised through revenue enhancement that the authorities relies on to bring forth public gross to pay for public disbursals that provide goods and services to the populace. Without revenue enhancement and people non paying it becomes hard for the authorities to seek run intoing the basic demands of the state. Both the province and the local authoritiess are imposed in roll uping revenue enhancement. There are different types of revenue enhancements that need to be paid which are: Income revenue enhancements Payroll revenue enhancements Gross saless revenue enhancements Excise revenue enhancements Wealth revenue enhancements Article I, Section 8, says: The Congress shall hold Power to lie And roll up Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and supply for the common Defence and general Welfare of the state Benefits and utilizations for revenue enhancement As mentioned above that revenue enhancement pays for goods and services for the populace such as: Education Public lodging Public public assistance such as security Unemployment benefits Highwaies and public transit Health Polices Fire protection Tax besides includes day-to-day runing disbursals of the authorities and besides wages of the authorities employees and besides involvement on debt owed by the authorities. It is extremely of import as the benefits of revenue enhancement keep the state in topographic point and running and besides making out to the people who are unable to afford from themselves. The roads we walk and drive in everyday is because of the revenue enhancement that is being paid, the public clinics and infirmaries that help our people to acquire intervention and be attended to when they can non afford when they are ill is because of revenue enhancement and the list goes on but all in all it is good for the state for revenue enhancement to being paid. Duties of income revenue enhancement remunerators The income revenue enhancement system is a voluntary act and conformity but it does non intend that revenue enhancement remunerators can merely pay revenue enhancement when they want to or non pay revenue enhancement when they besides do nt desire to. In other words everybody who is working must pay revenue enhancement and in order enemy people to follow with the legal duties the revenue enhancement jurisprudence must be just and house. When looking at being just, the authorities must be just plenty as to the people paying revenue enhancement habit resent him as the authorities and the leader of the state and besides resent paying revenue enhancement at the terminal of the twenty-four hours and doing certain that everybody complies. When looking at being steadfast, people who do nt follow with this jurisprudence and seek to duck it must be punished and made seen that they are perpetrating a condemnable offense and should pay in a heartfelt way for such action. Punishments for Tax Fraud In most instances people who do nt pay revenue enhancement are due to carelessness or negligence or normally done deliberately and happen ways to avoid paying revenue enhancement which is seen as revenue enhancement fraud and these people are faced with revenue enhancement involvement or revenue enhancement punishments. Tax fraud is when people who avoid paying revenue enhancement and are non honest to the authorities about their monthly/annually incomes so they can be taxed reasonably with respects to how much they earn and they lie in-order to pay small revenue enhancement which becomes unjust to the authorities and all other revenue enhancement remunerators. Tax fraud is a offense and people who commit such offense face high effects near to about 75 percent fiscal punishments. There is no manner of ducking and concealing from paying revenue enhancements because finally everybody is caught merely that it might non be now but when it comes to fraud and corruptness person ever slacks up and leaves foot prints. LABOUR RELATIONS ACT ( LRA ) The labour dealingss act is the relationship between people who work and those who they work for. The labour dealingss act was reshaped and implemented to make a good and working-full environment in the workplace. To give an employer and a employee to work under good and just rules cognizing their rights and restrictions and which lines non to traverse. To protect the employee against the employer and to besides protect the employer against the employee but in most instances employees are opening instances against their employers. it is hoped that democracy in the workplace will convey industrial stableness, economic growing, and labour peace. Judgment of dismissals of the Labour dealingss act Chapter VIII of the LRA concerns unjust dismissals. Section 185 records that every employee has the right non to be below the belt dismissed. The term dismissal is examined in the subdivision 186 and includes: A expiration effected by an employee with or without notice. An employer s failure to regenerate a fixed term contract when an employee has a sensible outlook Refusal of an employer to let an employee to return to work after pregnancy leave. Retrenchment When retrenchment is introduced it is normally when a company is confronting some fiscal troubles and is done for the followerss grounds, economic, structural or proficient grounds and before retrenchment takes topographic point a proper process needs to be taken in-order to let for retrenctment which is as follows: Consultation Immediately when the employer has no other options but to use retrenchment, he has to inform his employees buy keeping up a mass meeting where everybody is present or he could keep single meetings with the persons who will be involved in the retrenchment. Employees are allowed to interact with the employer and besides suggest other alternate ways which could be looked into such as cut downing working hours and besides workings yearss, the appropriate method to be used for the people are to be dismissed. Minutess can be taken in this instance as it would assist for misunderstood state of affairss and to protect both the employer and employees. When audience is taking place members of the trade brotherhoods can be present to protect their workers and all the committee for conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration ( CCMA ) can besides be present to step in in this affair. Unwraping of information in authorship When complementing retrenchment the administration or the employer should publish letters to the employees that will be affected because of retrenchment. The information should inform the employees of the pending and the day of the months of retrenchment, grounds why they will be intiating retrenchment, the servenrane wage that is proposed, the aid of the employer with respects with interviews and helping them in acquiring new employment if possible. Should at that place be any misinterpretation or any differences that could take topographic point than the employer shall mention to the written information to clear up any mis-understandingand these differences could be handled by the labour tribunal or the Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration ( CCMA ) . Opportunity for feedback The employer should give employees the chance to give feedback with the proposed retrenchment that will take topographic point, give them a opportunity to do presentations and whatever is said and presented must be taken inot consideration by the employer and seek to negociate as so all paryies are happy. The last in 1st out regulation should be applied when covering with retrenchment as you ca nt compare a individual who has been working for a company for the past 3 old ages over a individual who has been around the company for 2months. If the company is traveling through fiscal restraints and they wish to allow travel a few staff than they should see the last late employed staff. Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Data aggregation With the information gathered with respects to Miss Anonymouses instance we can pull up the undermentioned checklist: The company has been subtracting revenue enhancement from her wage She received a monthly income She enjoyed one-year and ill leave, UIF and PAYE benefits She has been working for the company for the past 3 old ages She signed an employment contract of reinstatement in September 2009 There is no cogent evidence of her being registered by her employer under the Labour tribunal Datas analysis With the collected information it shows that Miss Anonymouses was a full employee of the company which besides makes her autumn under the people who should be paying revenue enhancement to the authorities every-month. Having a expression at her payslip it clearly shows that money has been deducted for revenue enhancement from her payslip and with her cognition she has been paying for revenue enhancement. Extra information has been found that she was has non been registered under the labour tribunal significance she ca nt be taxed as they may non be cognizant of how much she gets paid which is would do it difficult for the revenue enhancement adult male to revenue enhancement her properly. The company is at mistake for utilizing moneyof the employees for their ain personal usage and without their cognition and this drunkard of behavior does fall under fraud and corruptness and is a offense. She has been working for the company for over the past three old ages so if the company was traveling through any kind of fiscal jobs and they saw utilizing the retrenchment system as portion of covering costs than they did non follow the proper processs of dismissal, she was non even consulted decently or given a opportunity to discourse the affair and negotiate or think of other alternate ways to avoid such dismissal. Re-solutions, suggestions When mentioning to the instance survey, the best possible stairss that could be taken here is that Ms Anonymous keeps all cogent evidence of her payments that she can stand for to SARS, compose each and every individual thing said to her and if they is anything asked or told to inquire for it in composing and signed for because in the state we live in anything is possible and to do life easy is holding all cogent evidence and grounds merely to be on the safe side. With respects to unjust dismissal, she should take the affair to the CCMA and describe the act of unjust dismissal because no proper processs where taken so it is either they will hold to counterbalance her even more or giver her, her occupation back if she is willing to take it back. Each and every employee has a right to be treated reasonably in the on the job environment and legal action can be taken in state of affairss like this. Chapter 6 Decision Fraud and corruptness is everyplace and is triggered by greed of an person and it reduces economic growing, quality of life and undermines authorities creditability and reduces effectiveness. The battle against them should be presented in a short period of clip in order to contend corruptness. Every federal section and bureau should work together continuously. Audit and probe s could happen any corruptness or fraud instances, but the most of import thing is to specify how to forestall and observe them at the earliest phase possible.

Find Out What A&P Research Paper Topics Offers For Your A&P Degree

Find Out What A&P Research Paper Topics Offers For Your A&P DegreeA&P Research Paper Topics and Plans are important for the undergraduate as well as graduate programs in A&P. These covers offer students a holistic introduction to the entire area of A&P education. If you have always wanted to enter an academic program, but never thought it would be for A&P, then this might be the right time to change your mind!It is not easy to find information about A&P online. The education offered by this college is one of the oldest in the country. The system was founded in 1855 and has a long tradition of educating students who want to pursue a career in A&P. There is A&P Research Paper Topics that is available for every type of A&P program, such as A&P Graduate, A&P Master's, A&P Doctoral, A&P MBA, A&P Masters in A&P, and A&P Program for A&P Teens.So when it comes to researching your own A&P courses, you will want to use this one of the most sought after A&P Research Paper Topics that is available! This could be your first step towards starting a career in the field of A&P education.The A&P Master's in A&P is a 3-year program which offers the opportunity to learn more about the fundamental units of A&P. The goal of this program is to help students in becoming A&P specialists.In the A&P Doctoral program, students are prepared to study A&P applied sciences and mathematics. Students who wish to continue their A&P education can complete an online course called A&P Explorations in Education. These courses provide valuable knowledge of what A&P graduates are expected to do after graduation.The Graduate and Master's degrees offered by A&P are an excellent alternative to take up jobs in people's choices. Students can work for a healthcare company as a medical assistant, assistant, or nurse's aide, or can become licensed health professionals who can offer clin ical care.All the available A&P Research Paper Topics has a link to the online career preparation course. This will give you an overview of the curriculum in A&P, and whether it is right for you!

10 Facts About Chongqing, China

10 Facts About Chongqing, China Chongqing is one of Chinas four direct-controlled municipalities (the others are Beijing, Shanghai, and Tianjin). It is the largest of the municipalities by area and it is the only one that is located far away from the coast. Chongqing is located in southwestern China within Sichuan Province and shares borders with Shaanxi, Hunan, and Guizhou provinces. The city is known as being an important economic center along the Yangtze River as well as a historical and cultural center for the country of China. Population: 31,442,300 (2007 estimate)Land area: 31,766 square miles (82,300 sq km)Average elevation: 1,312 feet (400 m)Date of creation: March 14, 1997 10 Must-Know Facts Chongqing has a long history and historical evidence shows that the region was originally a state belonging to the Ba People and that it was established in the 11th century B.C.E. In 316 B.C.E., the area was taken over by the Qin and at that time a city called Jiang was built there and the region the city was in was known as the Chu Prefecture. The area was then renamed two more times in 581 and 1102 C.E.In 1189 C.E. Chongqing got its current name. In 1362 during Chinas Yuan Dynasty, a peasant rebel named Ming Yuzhen formed the Daxia Kingdom in the region. In 1621 Chongqing became the capital of the kingdom of Daliang (during Chinas Ming Dynasty). From 1627 to 1645, much of China was unstable as the Ming Dynasty began to lose its power and during that time, Chongqing and Sichuan Province were taken over by the rebels overthrowing the dynasty. Shortly thereafter the Qing Dynasty took control of China and immigration to the Chongqing area increased.In 1891 Chongqing became an important economic center in China as it became the first inland open to trade from outside China. In 1929 it became a municipality of the Republic of China and during the Second Sino-Japanese War from 1937 to 1945, it was attacked heavily by the Japanese Air Force. However much of the city was protected from damage because of its rugged, mountainous terrain. As a result of this natural protection, many of Chinas factories were moved to Chongqing and it quickly grew into an important industrial city. In 1954 the city became a sub-provincial city within Sichuan Province under the Peoples Republic of China. On March 14, 1997, however, the city was merged with the neighboring districts of Fuling, Wanxian, and Qianjiang and it was separated from Sichuan to form Chongqing Municipality, one of Chinas four direct-controlled municipalities.Today Chongqing is one of the most important economic centers in western China. It also has a diversified economy with major industries in processed food, automobile manufacturing, chemicals, textiles, machinery, and electronics. The city is also the largest area for the manufacture of motorcycles in China.As of 2007, Chongqing had a total population of 31,442,300 people. 3.9 million of these people live and work in the urban areas of the city while the majority of the people are farmers working in areas outside the urban core. In addition, there is a large number of people who are registered as residents of Chongqing with Chinas National Bureau of Sta tistics of China, but they have not yet officially moved into the city. Chongqing is located in western China at the end of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The region of Chongqing also includes several mountain ranges. These are the Daba Mountains in the north, the Wu Mountains in the east, the Wuling Mountains in the southeast and the Dalou Mountains in the south. Because of all of these mountain ranges, Chongqing has a hilly, varied topography and the average elevation of the city is 1,312 feet (400 m).Part of Chongqings early development as an economic center of China is due to its geographic location on large rivers. The city is intersected by the Jialing River as well as the Yangtze River. This location allowed the city to develop into an easily accessible manufacturing and trading center.The municipality of Chongqing is divided into several different subdivisions for local administrations. There are for example 19 districts, 17 counties and four autonomous counties within Chongqing. The total area of the city is 31,766 square miles (82,300 sq km) and m ost of it consists of rural farmland outside of the urban core. The climate of Chongqing is considered humid subtropical and it has four distinct seasons. Summers are very hot and humid while winters are short and mild. The average August high temperature for Chongqing is 92.5ËšF (33.6ËšC) and the average January low temperature is 43ËšF (6ËšC). Most of the citys precipitation falls during the summer and since it is located Sichuan Basin along the Yangtze River cloudy or foggy conditions are not uncommon. The city is nicknamed the Fog Capital of China. Reference Wikipedia.org. (23 May 2011). Chongqing - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.