Omnivores Dilemma - A Natural History of Four Meals is a Nonfiction Essay

Omnivores Dilemma - A Natural History of Four Meals is a Nonfiction parole by Michael Pollan - Essay ExampleThe book illustrates the American way of living from the source to the final repast that is wasteen. From an economic viewpoint, there argon many shortcomings of the book worth noting, such as in the Pollans self financed meals he only focuses on what is before his eyes and ignores the macroeconomic factors that influence the transp bency of the salute of victualss, which is not attainable within the interconnectedness of the markets. Essentially, Omnivores Dilemma is a book about the province of Americas nutrient production, consumption, regulation and distribution (Tyler, 2006). nutrient Chain Food mountain ranges are usually applied in ecological modelling, which provides a continuous variable for measuring passage of efficiency through various linear linkages from the lowest to the highest trophic feeding levels. Long food chain lengths are unstable with increasing length increases with the ecosystem size and reduction of energy at every successive level. Food chain lengths vary from three to six or even more levels. For example, a four-level food chain will consist of a flower, a frog, a snake and an owl. A five-level food chain whitethorn consist of the grass, a grasshopper, a rat, a snake and an owl. The organisms that use solar energy or high temperature energy to synthesize starch are the producers, such as plants. Consumers are those organisms that feed on new(prenominal) organisms, whereas, all food chains begin with the producer hence progresses to the consumer. Therefore, all organisms within a food chain except the first one are all consumers. This fascinating journey through the food chain does not make Pollan a preacher, but he is engrossed in his thoughtfulness and so much dogged a researcher to let ideology take over him. He is surely not a writer who is afraid of soiling his hands in the quest for a discover understanding on the manner in which modern food is produced. For example, he does everything from buying his cow to the slaughterhouse, then ultimately to the dinner table. Pollan really capture how Americans eat today from the fast food to the big positive to the locally sourced, ultimately to foraging for dinner armed with a rifle. This idea examines the human diet from capitalist economy to consumption (Pollan, 2006). National Eating Disorder Americans have changed the way they eat and the usual question that arises day-by-day is based on what will be taken for dinner. This is a simple question that can modernise to be very complex as one tries to figure it out. The evolution of human culture has a great influence on how peoples native wisdom about eating, such that the way people eat is riddled with confusion and anxiety. Most ancient and venerable staple foods have abruptly disappeared from the American dinner tables and have made Americans to change the way they eat. This condition can be described as carbophobia. This was supplanted by lipophobia around 1977 when Americans were warned against loving the red meat during the Carter reign, which forced the Senate committee to issue a set of dietetic goals.

Dissertation outline(please help me think of a title related to CSR Outline

Dissertation (please help me withdraw of a title related to CSR with extractive industries) - Outline Examplecompanies that are engaged in the melodic phrase put to work of extracting materials, minerals and metals from the surface of the earth for further processing and commercial use. It has been observed under the review of literature that the origination companies are mostly listed in the Canada and there has been an increase in the investments of these companies in both the domestic as well as the overseas markets. In recent years, the multination investment in the extraction industries like oil colour and gas, mining, etc. have increased at an average rate in the US and UK. On the some other hand, the multinational investments in the countries of Asia and Africa as well as the developing economies have increased multiple folds. magical spell this represe4nts a win-win situation for the multinational investors in the extraction sector and the economies that are rich in th e mineral and resources as their primary industrial sector, there is a gap in the literature which suggests that the multinational companies commit in the extraction industries have often face complex situation and challenges in running their business in the extraction sector (Abdel-Fatau, 2002, p.16). The review of literature suggests the Canadian financial market are the largest sources of blondness capital for the mining and exploration industry and the expenditure of the Canadian based extraction industry accounts for approximately 43% of the total expenditures by the companies in the extraction industry all over the globe. However, with the increasing exercise of the extractive industries, the multinational investments have started flow into the developing countries. Although the extraction industries have been playing a major economic consumption in stimulating the growth of the host countries, there are several social and environmental challenges faced in their course o f operations. It has been found that the extraction industries have performed the role of CSR on an increasing trend magic spell operating in the overseas markets. In order to

Macro Economic Policies Adopted by the Bank of England Essay

macro Economic Policies Adopted by the posit of England - Essay ExampleGovernment regulates many things in an thrift including inflation, exports and imports, outlays of many vital commodities, and many important stinting aspects.Government of England has entrusted the job of determining the monetary policy, in the hands of Bank of England. Bank of England looks into many other big issues. One of the most important issues is that of ensuring monetary stability in the economy, which can be achieved through a combination of stable prices of goods and services across the economy coupled with a low inflation level and level of confidence of the investors in the bills of the country. The Bank comes out with the monetary policy in order to ensure a certain get wind objectives like, delivering price stability with a low inflation level coupled with an objective to support the Governments economic objectives of growth and employment. Price stability is taken care of, by the Governmen ts usual inflation target of 2%. T present is a need to contemplate the crucial and critical role played by price stability in achieving the aforesaid economic stability, and in providing just the right conditions for a sustainable and long-dated living growth in output and employment. Chancellor of the Exchequer announces the Governments inflation target every socio-economic class in the annual Budget statement. Though The 1998 Bank of England Act enables it to set gratify rank independently, however, The Bank does hold accountability to the parliament and the wider public, which cannot be refrained from. The legislation provides the government the power to instruct the bank on the interest rate issues for a limited period of time during emergency, for the sake of national interests. (How Monetary insurance policy Works) The Bank of England has a monetary policy and it uses the same to regulate mechanism of the economy. Like when it decides to change the interest rate, the gov ernment is trying to check the overall expenditure of the economy. A change in interest rates is mostly used to contain inflation, which is the result of lavish expenditure by the country. The bank sets a intractable interest rate at which it lends money to financial institutions and depending on this interest rate, individual banks and other financial institutions set up their own interest rates, which apply to the whole economy. This measuring is of indispensable importance to the economy, as this is very widely used to contain inflation. The only purpose behind such a step is just to contain undue inflationary levels prevailing in an economy. The point to be noted here is that, this interest rate set by the Bank of England is so effective and powerful that it chips in greatly to regulate the whole economy. It affects the stock and bond prices and likewise influences the asset prices throughout the country. This interest rate also regulated the savings in an economy, which even tually results in capital formation and reinvestment. It is note that when interest rates are high, people prefer to invest money in government deposits that are less groundless in nature than the stock markets and similarly high interest rates boost up the savings. trim back interest rates make asset and real estate prices go up, as

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management Essay

Enterprise and Entrepreneurial Management - Essay ExampleIt is the detailed report of how, when, where, who and why of a vocation sector. In most cases, a business plan is created to explain and illustrate the vision you have for your business, and to crook others to help you achieve that vision. (Bellissim, 2003) Topfer (2011) states that starting a business without enough planning is like setting a journey without deciding on the destination. In most cases, small businesses simply ignore the exercise of business planning. Time is one of the main restricting factors that make them do so. But irrespective of the size of the business, it is eer beneficial to have a clearly charted out plan. Business plans are required not all for planning the future of the business but also for the availing financing options. All financial institutions assist with the with child(p) requirement of the company only after a careful study of the prospects of the business. Such an analysis is achie vable only with the help of a detailed business plan. The great thing about abusinessplanis that it can provide a reference prime for you to return to at any point during the project. (Topfer, 2011) This paper will critically analyse the steps involved in a business plan. severally stage is critically analysed in terms of what should be included in severally step. Also, the contribution of each step to the overall plan is dealt in detail. The intention of the assignment is to develop a clear dread of the requirements for setting up and running a successful business venture. Charting out the plan may honest easier but it requires a proper understanding of the prospective business and the prevailing market conditions. Elements Idea genesis Idea extension is the first and foremost step in a business plan. Idea generation can be defined as theprocessof creating, developing, and communicating ideaswhich areabstract,concrete, or visual. The process includes the process of construct ing through the idea, innovating theconcept, developing the process, and bringing the concept to reality. (Business Dictionary, 2011) Idea generation is in fact a untoughened process. The process involves generation of multiple ideas in the minds of the prospective entrepreneur. The person may screen and reach at a more favourable idea. Such ideas are generally in a raw do without much technical analysis being done on it. Idea generation is very distinguished because idea is the stone that is being polished at the various stages of a business plan. An idea arises for the most part from the personal interests of the entrepreneur. It will be something that is related to the behavioural and professional nature of the entrepreneur. For instance a medical examination professional might develop an idea for surgical equipment retailing, a good cook might speak up of opening a restaurant and the like. It is always better to carry out an idea that interests us most. It is as good as a business firm diversifying into a related product line. If we are acquainted(predicate) with the idea, it is easier for us to manage it. Therefore, the first question an aspiring entrepreneur should ask is what interests them most and is there an luck lying in the market for the same. This thought can give rise to more specific ideas. strategical Objectives Strategic objectives or just objectives refer to the purposes of carrying out the business. It is the major goals of the business. It is the focal point of all the activities of the business. The strategic objectives of a business are usually encompassed in the terms Vision and heraldic bearing. Vision is the purpose and Mission is the action to be taken to achieve the purpose. Most of strategic objectives are directed toward generating greater loot and returns for the owners of the business, others are directed at customers

Math and the paraprofessional teaching fractions Essay

Math and the paraprofessional t individuallying fractions - Essay ExampleAs a teacher, I need to address all the three models in well-designed instructional activities so that decent and Emanuel can develop a rich concept of fractions, which they can use to make sense of measurement, numbers, and operations.To thrust them the concept of 1/2, I pull up stakes fold the red sheet into half and go out occupy them how much reds would be required to grapple the yellow part completely. Like this, they go forth understand that deuce reds would be required to cover the yellow means one red would be required to cover 1/2 of the yellow sheet.After this, to make them aware with the idea of 1/4, with the help of my students I will fold the blue sheet twice to create fourths. Leaving the paper folded, I will ask the students about the number of blue that would be using to cover the yellow sheet. In this way, they will come to know that four blues would be required to cover the yellow means that each part of the blue is 1/4 of the yellow.For this model, we would be using a linking regular hexahedron train. We will sexual union the four cubes of the train together at one end put the signboard of zero and at the other use the signboard written one on it. Then to give them the concept of 1/4, I will put the board with question mark later the first cube. Then I will ask them about the number of cubes that are dividing the train. As the answer would be four, likewise I will try to explain them that the whole train is divided into four parts and one cube of the train represents 1/4 of the train.With the same concept, in order to give them the idea of 1/2, I will make the train of two cubes and will put the question mark signboard after the first cube. In this way, I will tell them that since the train is divided into two halves. Therefore, in denominator, we will write the total division that is two and in numerator, we will write the block number that is sooner

Human resource management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

human being resource focusing - Assignment ExampleThe HR manager might view flexible operative schedules to maximize productivity doneout an 18 hour cycle. Thus, scheduling labour to meet goals sees the exploitation of natural endowment in the same way that tangible resources are exploited. The soft model of HRM is much people-centred and deals with creating motivational strategies, coaching, or mentoring to achieve high levels of employee commitment and trust. Soft HRM policies consider employees emotional capacity and psycho-social needs and then integrates constitution formation objectives with these principles in mind. In soft thinking, the employee is a method to achieve competitive benefit through commitment- create (Armstrong 2008). IR is primarily concerned with the relationship between union bargaining and employees (Elvander 1998). Storey (1992) recognises fundamental shifts from IR to HRM based on key dimensions of practice, policy and specific business goals. Whil st HRM often includes strategies that are people-centred, IR is more transactional in nature, delivering rewards that are highly contingent on performance. The HR school of thought is more unitarist in nature, whilst IR is more pluralist. Storey (1992) sees negotiation as a primary aspect of annotation instruction activity in IR with HRM more of a facilitating role. Specific norms demand compliance in IR theory whilst HRM focuses on building policies and practices around vision and mission. In personal vex, the strategic role of line management is to recognize contingencies where the organisation must have practices aligned with needs for organisational performance. Strategic HRM for line management is to identify a best practice model and continue to create strategies aligned with efficiency. Strategic HRM views each organisational divisions and practices to be an amalgamation to achieve best practice, productivity and profit. The implications to employees are diverse training to recognise inter-dependencies and high demands for performance to achieve long-term goals related to business strategy. Flexibility in the workplace Personal experience describes a flexible model that involves changing contracted hours and periodic placement to perform job responsibilities in order to provide childcare. Under this model, the employee required 30 weeks of employment and must have had no invalidating assessments associated with periodic performance reviews. This model provided opportunities to replace the traditional Monday-Friday schedule with Saturday working in exchange for a weekly day off and also implementing telecommuting resources for those in returns roles. Flexible models provide opportunities for building employee satisfaction and can be implemented according to business needs, such as customer service output expectations or when the business intends to expand its service to include weekend consultation for clients. Thus, it has competitive advantage c apabilities and also the efficacy to create a more productive workforce. Armstrong (2008) identifies that flexible working concepts provide the ability to create a better skilled employee population, such as what occurs in job sharing. When employees are equal to experience other divisional roles, they become more fluent in practices and procedures that can, in the long-term destine the business more competitive advantage. A disadvantage to flexible working is the ability to determine whether invent is competitive to the labour

Pennsylvania Black Bear Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pennsylvania cruddy Bear - Research Paper ExampleThose with black colourize argon overabundant in the east while the brown phases from blond to cinnamon are in the main found in the west (Shoemakera 15).An adult male bear weighs between 350 and 500 pounds while a female may have 150 to 250 pounds even though, some male bears go up to 600 pounds occasionally. Black bears rise to about three feet high when standing on all fours and from six to seven feet when upright.The sounds make by bears are distinctive ranging from growls, woofing and jaw popping. The females communicate with their cub through huffs and low grunts while the cubs whimper, laugh softly and bawl. Other distinctive features of a black bear are the tracks. The footprints of the hind legs resemble those of man and the toes are five. The front foot of a bear is shorter than the rear foot which is long and narrow. The claws may at generation be visible.Black bears are herbivores. They maintain movement mainly at nigh t or un durationly hours of the morning in search of food. They feed on a variety of things such as berries, corn, beechnuts, grass, carrion, dulcorate and insects (Fergus 32). They fatten up before winter for hibernation at the summer and the fall periods during which they take most of the time to feed amount to a close of twenty hours a day and consuming close to 20,000 calories. During winter, they expect dormant and choose to remain in their dens which are made up of rock caverns, excavated holes and hollow trees, underneath trees, dead falls and bushy thickets. The heartbeat during hibernation slows down tremendously and the body temperature drops. At this period, bears do not feed drink or pass body fluids such as urine (Gordon 45).The most prevalent season for mating is between early June and mid- July during which bears become very aggressive to one another. In January, sows crack up birth mostly to a litter of five. The newly born cubs are tooth little, sightless and ha ve less hair that is inadequately distributed on

The Film Invictus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Film Invictus - quiz ExampleRight from the beginning of the film, it is clear that the subject of the process of human socialization as show in organizations, peers, and creations apparently takes the central role in the film. It is kind of evident that the films detect focus is on apartheid. Apartheid has cut across many every organ of the government right from the institution of the president, institution of justice, institutions responsible for hostage, as well as other government organization that is key to delivering base services to the country. The term apartheid was an Africaans that was commonly used to refer to a system of racial segregation that was implement through the process of legislation by the then entropy African ruling party (National Party). During this item of time, the rights of the majority black South African Inhabitants were said to have been curtailed while the white supremacy was maintained. In essence, the word served as a policy of segregati on, as well as political-economic discrimination against those who belonged to groups of non-European in the commonwealth of South Africa. According to this film, after Morgan Freeman gets leased from Prison and he is elected as the prime(prenominal) black president of the South African Republic, he has many challenges following the post-Apartheid era. One thing that is quite striking to him is that to do with human socialization. Human socialization, in this case, refers to the racial divisions between the white and black South Africans who are affiliated with movements supporting racial segregation and are the cause of the day to day violence. The faint motive that the whites and the blacks hold towards each other is clearly demonstrated in the presidents security details, where the relations between the prior established white officers.

Assignment 1 in Psychology Research Method Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

1 in Psychology Research Method - grant ExampleThe first group was handled daily from 3 to 14 weeks of hop on, the second from 7 to 14 weeks of age and the third received no handling from birth to 14 weeks. Different experimenters handled each kitty-cat on different days. Handling was defined as an experimenter holding a kitten on his/her lap sequence petting it for 15 minutes. Friendliness was measured by how long each kitten stayed with the experimenter when not restrained, and by how long it took each kitten to reach the experimenter. Karsh found that the kittens handled from 3 to 14 weeks stayed longer with the experimenter and ran more apace to the experimenter than kittens handled from 7 to 14 weeks. Also, kittens handled from 7 to 14 weeks were more friendly than kittens who received no handling at all. Karsh concluded that kittens should be handled as early as realizable to ensure life-long friendliness towards humans.What be the possible confounds in Karshs experiment al designThe possible confounds in Karshs experimental design are the way experimenters handled each kitten on different days. Each experimenter allow hold a kitten on his/her lap while petting it differently for 15 minutes. The petting a kitten will be different for each experimenter and each kitten will feel it differently. This have affect on both handling and friendliness in cats.An investigator believed that sensory deprivation inhibits the intellectual development of animals. He ran an experiment to examine this thesis in the following way. He used two tell ons, each of which had in effect(p) given birth to eight pups. One rat and her litter were placed in a large-mouthed cage. This cage had ample space and lots of objects to explore. The baby rats in this cage breastfed off their mother. The second rats pups were separated from the mother, and each was placed in a separate cage. These cages were quite small, and the only objects they could delay or hear were the four wal ls and the food and water

Giving a Critique of the Usefulness of Spreadsheet Modelling in Essay

Giving a Critique of the Usefulness of Spreadsheet Modelling in pecuniary score and Reporting - Essay ExampleComputer spreadsheets ar very much beneficial in manipulating life-sized volume of data very easily and in quickly (Moutinho, et al., 1994, p.26-27). Spreadsheets be very much utile in modelling situations in financial explanation and helps in various decision making processes. Uses of Spreadsheets Spreadsheets are argued to be close frequently used by most of the organisations all over the world. There are many tailor-made tools available in spreadsheets which perform specific business processes (Baker, et al., n.d.). There is an increased popularity in the use of spreadsheets in business concerns. It is so because of spreadsheets being an end user computing platform. The breeding systems division takes long time to complete the digest and reporting. Moreover, spreadsheets are easy to use powerful software to do business analysis (Fisher, n.d.). Spreadsheets are us ed by many companies to assist in the management of information related to critical business procedures. It is done to comply with the rules and regulations of financial accounting and reporting. With the advent of International Financial reporting Standards (IFRS), there is a need for the modifications in the existing system of financial accounting procedures in the organisations. Spreadsheets have thus become an interim option for the organisations before these changes are fully introduced in the accounting applications. Once the spreadsheets are in use in the organisation, the executives feel that the spreadsheets will be replaced by a fully designed new accounting system, very shortly. But in reality, those spreadsheets may be in use in the organisations for a much longer term. Hence it becomes difficult for managers to manage the increasing tally of spreadsheets. Moreover, replacing the spreadsheets with the new accounting system can be costly option for the organisations (Bax ter, 2006). In the bodied world, spreadsheets are used either for modelling purpose or for operational purpose. Modelling spreadsheets are generally used for a particular purpose or activity and are used as tangled calculators. Spreadsheets meant for operational use acts as a core programme in business by assisting in daily transactions in business. Operational spreadsheets use all types of data, both static and dynamic and too calculations involving those data. Modelling spreadsheets become redundant once the particular task is done with it. Whereas, operational spreadsheets become an entire part of organisational processes and are in use for long term (Baxter, 2006). Five Categories of Spreadsheet Analysis Base-Case Analysis close to of the spreadsheet analyses are done for measuring the results or outcomes relative to certain insensible case of comparison. A base case can be either the current policy in use or the scenario which is most likely to occur or the best case or the worst case (Powell & Baker, 2010, p.120). This type of analysis can help in answering questions like what would be the expected profit next course of study if the current polic

Supreme court case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

despotic court case - Essay ExampleIn 1954, Oliver L. Brown began the process of reversing this by challenging the capital of Kansas Board of Education on its policy of segregated schools. He was angry because his daughter had to walk six blocks across, cross train tracks, then board a bus and ride for over a geographical mile to get to her black school, while there was a white school only six blocks away. This seemed specially ridiculous because his daughters playmates were largely white and attended that school.Unlike more areas, Topeka worked genuinely hard to ensure that its white and African American schools were largely equal they had equal funding, facilities and staff, so it essentially came to question whether it was possible for two facilities to actually be equal if they were separate. In a landmark ruling, the authoritative Court said that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal, and that the only way to ensure sincerely equal access to education w as to have them not be segregated at all. This decision do it illegal to segregate schools based on race, and began a process of re-integration, which would eventually pave the road for many other improvements in race relations in

What is a Sports Fan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is a Sports Fan - Essay ExampleOne of the fundamental levels of being a sports yellowish brown is having a dedication to a sports team. In these regards, people have a itemize of originators for choosing one franchise over another. In collegiate sports, many people follow the teams of the universities that they are in person affiliated. For professional athletic franchises, traditionally fans follow the sports team with which they are geographically closest. It seems these fans believe that the sports team represents their city or state, and in rooting for them they are rooting for their own region. Of course, these tendencies are oftentimes not followed for a number of reasons. Many times individuals will follow teams from entirely different geographic regions for the sole reason that they are winning. This leads many individuals to claim they are front-runners and not true fans. It follows that most sports fans are described as such because of their dedication to a specif ic team.Another important element that makes one a sports fan is their dedication to the sport they are a fan. In these regards, people have many reasons they are torrid ab appear sports. As discussed above, many individuals are passionate about sports out of a dedication to their plateful town or college team. There exists a number type of sports fan that is interested in sports out of hobby interest. In recent years, fantasy leagues have become increasingly popular. These are leagues wherein people brotherhood and draft a team of players. If a player on the individuals team has a high statistical showing, then the individual scores point for their fantasy team. People then avidly follow sports to stay track of their team.

Transurban Group Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Transurban Group - Essay ExampleThe name of the company is Transurban Group and its ASX code is TCL.The master(prenominal) office is located at 505 Little Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.The reporting period of the company starts from 1st July and ends on 30th June of subsequent year The article Transurban rejects Canadian takeover bids appeared on May 12, 2010 and outlines the refusal of the group to consume devil takeover bids on different grounds. (The Sunday Morning Herlad, 2010). The new article discusses about the two new takeover bids by the two pension funds from Canada and one from Australia and why Transurban Group has in truth refused to accept the bids based on the value offered owing to its past performance and future prospects. Article however, mentions that the solid is willing to work with these firms in terms of due diligence and whitethorn also consider the options if the decently cost is offered. The article has also mentions the capital raisi ng efforts of the firm to expand the business and how same may have an impact on the overall price offered by the acquiring firms. This article is interesting in the sense that it provides a concise picture of the details about the potential deals in which Transurban Group may be involved in near future. 4) The stock price on 5th April 2011 was $5.340 per share whereas the price on 8th April 2011 was $5.350 per share. The net change in the share price was $0.10 per share during the period. 5) The net earn as on 30th June 2010 was $59.605 M whereas the same was ($16.134m) during 2009. (Transurban, 2010, 51). Considering the above figures, it is evident that the firm was incurring losings during 2009 and it recorded an overall net profit of more than $59M during 2010. Net profit margin in 2010 and then is 7.93% showing impressive performance considering the fact that the firm has incurred losses during 2009. It is also important to understand that the utility in the profitability o f the firm has become possible owing to the cost control. Firm has been able to get its key costs such as business development costs and corporate costs in order to improve the profitability of the firm. It could therefore be concluded that the firm has been able to achieve step-up in profitability with better management of its costs and expenses. 6) The largest liability of the firm is borrowings which is to tune of $4.005 B and it is non-current liability. stock 16 of the notes to accounts indicates that these liabilities include infrastructure facilities, term loans, capital markets debt, US Private placement as puff up as the syndicated facilities. The infrastructure loans have been taken for the purpose of building and expanding the existing infrastructure base whereas some other facilities have been taken for various purposes over the period of time. Borrowings also included working capital facilities having expiration of more than one year therefore they are reported in the non-current liabilities.(Transurban, 2010, 52) 7) There are four different streams of revenue reported in the annual accounts of the firm and each stream of revenue is accepted in the books based on different criteria. The revenue generated from the toll and fee is recognize when the actual get off is made by the user whereas other road revenues include advertising, rental and other associated revenue which is acknowledge as per the normal criteria. Construction revenue is recorded by the firm when the intangible asset is its social structure phase whereas the development assets are recognized in sales when they are sold to third parties. work development revenue is based on the provision of business support services and revenue is recognized accordingly. (Transurban, 2010, 74) 8) PriceWaterhouseCoopers is the auditor of the firm and based on the Independence of External Auditors Policy of the firm, the external auditors are not involved in any other activity on behalf o f the firm. During the year, auditors have been paid to the

Fashion business management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fashion fear focusing - Essay ExampleOwing to the complex dynamisms of the mode industry, many investors have steered clear of this investment, considering it as a high risk venture, which is only given consideration by companies at later stages of their development and growth, small-arm only very few, most predominantly individual-based ventures, are engaged in the fashion business as start-ups (Giacobello, 2000 p44). To this end, it becomes significantly essential for any individual interested in the fashion business to commit themselves to taking into custody all the dynamics associated with the industry, before any engagement, either as investors or managers of fashion businesses. Therefore, this discussion seeks to conk out fashion business management, with a view to establishing the sourcing strategies, as well as the cultural considerations that requires to be made, for the fashion businesses that seek to operate within the global market place.The cardinal rule for any business has of all time been to know the customer (Blaszczyk, 2008 p23). This rule serves to guide business in the manner of operations, requiring that the sole reason for which a business is established is to serve its customers, through understanding their needs and satisfying them. Thus, for a fashion business, the sourcing strategies are pegged on the needs of the customers, which has to do with the quality that the customers are interested in, the range of prices they can afford and fit to pay for the fashion products, as well as the time within which the customers need to be supplied with the products (Gale & Kaur, 2004 p18). Thus, to achieve the above customer requirements, a fashion business merchandiser require applying the fol low-toneding strategiesThe fashion business is characterized by demand fluctuations, where a certain type or style of apparels or clothing could be highly demanded in a certain season, and later the demand for the same turns to be very low (Han, 2 003 p33). Thus, owing to the

History of Juvenile Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of Juvenile jurist - Essay ExampleSeveral factors facilitated the passage of the 1899 Illinois Juvenile Court Act and they are the child rescuer movement and the creation of childrens tribunals (Martin 43 Siegel). The child saver movement refers to the acts of wealthy person who donated capital for others to create in form-only(prenominal) networks of social service agencies that helped needy children. These networks opposed jailing delinquent or runaway children and lay them in refuge houses instead (Siegel). They taught children remedial skills, so that they could work and earn money in trustworthy ways (Siegel). These houses, however, received criticism for their harsh disciplinary rules and methods (Siegel). Though they had these weaknesses, the movement increased support for treating children otherwise when they have conducted different kinds of crimes (Siegel). Another factor that resulted to the passage of the 1899 law is the development of childrens tribunals (Ma rtin 43). In 1874, momma passed legislation that required separate court hearings for children, called childrens tribunals (Martin 43). In 1877, New York passed legislation that separated great(p) and juvenile offenders (Martin 43). These laws became the forerunners of the 1899 Illinois Juvenile Court Act. The purpose of the 1899 Illinois Juvenile Court Act is to establish a formal juvenile court system that reflected the parens patriae doctrine (Siegel). The parens patriae doctrine asserts that the state must take care of the countrys children.

Ielts Preparation Essay Example for Free

Ielts Preparation try onOnam is one of the greatest festivals of INDIA. It is celebrated with Joy and enthusiasm any over the Country by only communities. It is celebrated in the beginning of September. It is a celebration of 10 days. The Legend of ONAM is, It is celebrated to welcome the queer Mahabali, whose spirit is said to visit India at the time on ONAM. The story goes that, the beautiful state of Kerala was at a time ruled by a Demon King , Mahabali.The king was greatly respected in his realm and was considered to be wise, judicious and extreamly generous. It is said that Kerala witnessed its golden era in the reign of King Mahabali. Everybody was happy in his kingdom and in that location was no discrimination on the basis of caste or class. Rich and little were equally treated. There was neither crime nor corruption. People did not even lock their doors, as there were no thieves in the kingdom, there was no poverty sorrow during his reign and everybody was Happy. Looking at his fame and emergence popularity, Gods became jealousy on him, and send him to an unknown world( bottom(prenominal) world), Since Mahabali is o attached to the people of India, before send him to the nether world, the God gave him a boon to visit India once in a Year. During his visit India celebrate as ONAM. During the 10 days festival, The government decl ard as a Public holidays for School and colleges. During the festival all the families gather together and celebrate. There are various sports loke Snake Boat rice, Elephant race, tug of war etc are celebrated. People bun w dresses, and it is festival of unity and happiness.

Plan is a Magic Instrument for All Essay Example for Free

Plan is a Magic Instrument for all EssayPlan is a small, four-lettered, apparently innocuous-looking word packed with power that can make or break the world, both literally and figuratively. In fact the connotation of the word course of study spreads across the universe, as even the universe is an impression of a divine object There is a plethora of definitions of architectural plan (Definitions, 2010), but this author finds plan as an pawn applicable under any circumstance that ask a systematic arrangement of thoughts, things, actions and outcomes. It is a Magic Instrument for All The above definition carries a fair hint about the potential of this word, besides hinting about its multidimensional utility value as an musical instrument, applicable in all possible spheres. To Jack Welch, a plan may sound the outcome of a business venture, while to Le Corbusier, a plan may sound as the precursor of joy associated with an architectural form, to a football coach, plan might sound as the passage towards triumph over the opponent.This shows that plan acts as a procedure towards achieving both physical and metaphysical objectives. In the dish out it can be seen that plan is associated with futuristic implications and present state of skill with which one plans. From this perspective plan brings forth the issues like ability and application, where the ability serves a pointer to both cognitive and emotional intelligence, because in that location is no denying the fact that the degrees of emotional and cognitive ability have correlations with the quality of a plan.It is that internal arrangement of individuals that gets reflected in their actions. Another subject is virtually embedded with plan, i. e. , innovation. Plan does not follow the beaten way of life more often than not, and thus it requires a unique organization of a thought that would be fitting of coming into a full cycle like beginning, middle and end. From this perspective one can say, pl an is an instrument to unearth dreams it helps humans to give form to the intrinsic desires. ConclusionWhile plan is an all-pervasive instrument to cut short the road towards goal in general, for a thinker it is a magic instrument that enables humans to organize their intrinsic thoughts to cut short the road towards self-actualization. References Definitions of Plan on the Web. (2010). Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http//www. google. co. in/search? hl=enclient=firefox-arls=org. mozillaen- USofficialdefl=enq=defineplanei=MO_bS95RxbasB8PPsP0Hsa=Xoi= glossary_definitionct=titleved=0CAkQkAE

Vitamin D as Hormone Essay Example for Free

Vitamin D as Hormone EssayINTRODUCTIONBioactive vitamin D or calcitriol is a steroid hormone that has long been known for its measurable role in regulating body levels of calcium and phosphorus, and in mineralization of osmium. More recently, it has become clear that receptors for vitamin D be present in a dewy-eyed variety of cells, and that this hormone has biologic effect which extend far beyond control of mineral metabolism. Vitamin D is thus non a true vitamin, as it can be synthesized in adequate amounts by virtually mammals exposed to sunlight (cats and dogs cannot synthesize vitamin D and must receive it in their diet). An organic chemical substance compound (or related set of compounds) is only scientifically called a vitamin when it cannot be synthesized in sufficient quantities by an organism, and must be obtained from their diet. However, as with other compounds commonly called vitamins, vitamin D was discovered in an effort to hap the dietry substance that w as lacking in a disease, namely, rickets, the childhood form of osteomalacia. consumption OF VITAMIN D IN statute OF SEVERAL GENESThe vitamin D hormones charter essential roles in human health. Vitamin D hormones act by cover charge to and activating the vitamin D receptor (VDR) to regulate the extendion of cistrons in a tissue-specific manner. Vitamin D hormones regulate telephone line calcium levels by controlling intestinal absorption of dietary calcium and reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys. Concomitantly, vitamin D hormones also suppress the production of the calcium regulating hormone, parathyroid hormone (PTH), which is produced by the parathyroid glands. The vitamin D hormones also participate in the regulation of cellular specialism and growth, as vigorous as bone formation and metabolism.Additionally, vitamin D hormones are required for the normal give-up the ghosting of the musculoskeletal, immune and renin-angiotensin systems. There is a growing body of evidence linking vitamin D insufficiency with cognitive and neural dysfunction. The widespread beneficial effects of vitamin D hormones are continually being elucidated with studies directed to the intracellular VDR and the corresponding networks of VDR-responsive agents in tight e rattling human tissue. It is becoming evident that vitamin D insufficiency has a widespread and significant rival on a number of key physiological systems.METABOLISM OF VITAMIN DBoth forms of vitamin D suffer identical metabolism . Some evidence indicates that vitamin D2 may be metabolized more rapidly than vitamin D3, but with perpetual daily intake they can be considered bioequivalent. Both forms of vitamin D are converted to 25-hydroxyvitamin 25(OH)D in the liver, and the blood serum level of 25(OH) D is measured to determine the adequacy of vitamin D status. In the kidney, 25(OH)D is hydroxylated to 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D 1, 25(OH)2 D, which is the only biologically active form of vitamin D. Acting principally on the duodenum, 1, 25(OH)2 D increases calcium absorption. It also acts on bone cells, both osteoblasts and osteoclasts, to mobilize calcium. The synthesis of 1, 25(OH)2 D is tightly regulated and stimulated primarily by serum parathyroid hormoneTHE VITAMIN D RECEPTER AND MECHANISM OF ACTIONThe vitamin D system is unique in that different calcium homeostatic functions and cell growth regulatory activities are mediated through a bingle ligand, calcitriol, acting through a specific receptor exhibiting ubiquitous tissue expression, the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The VDR is a member of a superfamily of nuclear steroid hormone receptors which regulate gene musical arrangement by interacting with result elements in gene promoters. Structure-function analysis of the VDR protein has defined distinct domains involved in DNA binding, ligand binding, receptor dimerisation and gene transactivation, including a C-terminal activation function domain (AF-2) that is importan t for co agentive role interaction.A model for regulation of gene transcription by the VDR is evolving and proposes VDR interaction with various components of the basal transcriptional machinery, including newly defined coactivators and corepressors, which may act to regulate gene transcription by altering histone acetylation and chromatin structure. This review describes the vitamin D endocrine system and the role of the VDR in regulating this system, including the molecular basis for the diverse actions of synthetic calcitriol analogues in the treatment of elevator carimmune disease and cancer.ROLE OF VITAMIN D AS HORMONEVitamin D and Bone Cell ActivityApproximately 60 genes are known to respond to vitamin D. Many of these vitamin D responsive genes are expressed by the bone forming cells (osteoblasts) which hold* type I collagen.* alkaline phosphatase,* osteocalcin* tumour necrosis factor ligand member (RANKL)Tumour necrosis factor ligand member (RANKL) is central to osteoclas togenesis. The bone resorbing cells (osteoclasts) also express vitamin D-responsive genes. It is evident that 1,25(OH)2D plays a major role in controlling osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through its modulation of the RANKL gene in osteoblasts.Bone mineralizationThese types of results are change magnitude interest in the view that the modulation of vitamin D activity within bone cells, either through the vitamin D receptor or metabolism of vitamin D, has effects on the levels of bone mineral. It is through such a machine that higher levels of vitamin D in the elderly may provide protection against hip fractures. pubic louse streak Role of vitamin D in prostate cancerProstate cancer is the second lead story cause of cancer deaths in men in the United States. Developing new treatment strategies is sarcastic to improving the health of men. Our enquiry has focused on four areas in which we have pursued the potential use of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) and its analogs to treat prosta te cancer.The results of a clinical trial of 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) treatment of patients with early recurrent prostate cancer. We provide preliminary evidence that 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) may be effective in slowing the rate of prostate specific antigen rise in selected cases of prostate cancer. In conclusion, we believe that 1alpha,25(OH)(2)D(3) has a role in thetreatment and/or prevention strategies being developed for prostate cancer. However, to increase antiproliferative potency without increasing side-effects, the use of less calcemic analogs appears to be the most reasonable approach.Role of vitamin D in chest of drawers cancerIn addition to its role in calcium homeostasis and bone health, vitamin D has also been reported to have anticancer activities against many cancer types, including breast cancer. The discovery that breast epithelial cells possess the same enzymatic system as the kidney, allowing local reconcile of active vitamin D from circulating precursors, makes the ef fect of vitamin D in breast cancer biologically plausible. preclinical and ecologic studies have suggested a role for vitamin D in breast cancer prevention. Inverse associations have also been shown amidst serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level (25(OH)D) and breast cancer development, fortune for breast cancer recurrence, and mortality in women with early-stage breast cancer. Clinical trials of vitamin D supplementation, however, have yielded inconsistent results.Regardless of whether or not vitamin D helps prevent breast cancer or its recurrence, vitamin D deficiency in the U.S. population is very common, and the adverse impact on bone health, a particular concern for breast cancer survivors, makes it important to understand vitamin D physiology and to recognize and treat vitamin D deficiency. In this review, we discuss vitamin D metabolism and its mechanism of action. We summarize the current evidence of the relationship between vitamin D and breast cancer, highlight ongoing research in this area, and discuss best dosing of vitamin D for breast cancer prevention.Role of vitamin D in auto immune diseasesVitamin D and its prohormones have been the focus of a growing number of studies in past years, demonstrating their function not only in calcium metabolism and bone formation, but also their interaction with the immune system, which is not surprising, since vitamin D receptors are expressed in different tissues, such as brain, heart, skin, bowel, gonads, prostate, breasts, and immune cells, as well as bones, kidneys, and parathyroid glands.Current studies have related vitamin D deficiency with several autoimmune disorders, including insulindependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), six-fold sclerosis (MS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In view of those associations, it has been suggested that vitamin D is an inessential factor capable of affecting the prevalence of autoimmune diseases.Vitamin D see ms to interact with the immune system through its actions on the regulation and differentiation of cells like lymphocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells (NK), besides interfering in the in vivo and in vitro production of cytokines. Among the immunomodulatory effects demonstrated we should mention a reduction in the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2), da Gamma interferon (INF), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) seizeion of the expression of IL-6 and inhibition of the secretion and production of autoantibodies by B lymphocytes.Vitamin D modulation of immune responsesDendritic cells (DCs) are primary targets for the immunomodulatory activity of 1, 25(OH)2D3, as indicated by inhibit DC differentiation and maturation, leading to downregulated expression of MHC-II, costimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80 and CD86) and decreased production of IL-12. Moreover, 1, 25(OH)2D3 enhances IL-10 production and promotes DC apoptosis. Together, these effects of 1, 25(OH)2D3 inhibit DC-dependent T -cell activation. In particular, the active synthesis of 1, 25(OH)2D3 seems to exert an autoregulatory function by inhibiting the differentiation of monocyte precursors into immature DCs and the subsequent world power of the immature DCs to undergo terminal differentiation in response to maturation stimuli.FIG. Mechanisms involved in vitamin D modulation of the immune responses. DCs are primary targetsfor the immunomodulatory activity of 1, 25(OH)2D3, as indicated by inhibited DC differentiation and maturation, together with inhibition of differentiation of monocyte precursors into immature DCs. 1, 25(OH)2D3 suppresses Th1 (and Th17)driven cytokine responses, induces Treg cells, induces IL-4 production (Th2) and enhances NKTcell function. Differentiation and maturation of B cells is also inhibited. Th are CD4+ helper cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th3-Treg, Th17) originating from nave T cell (Th0). Thin arrows (left) indicate cytokines that induce differentiation of Th0 cells and thicker arrows (right) indicate cytokines produced by activated Th cell subsets. All T cells that have been tested express the VDR. B cells and NKT cells are also reported.The yellow circles indicate the cytokines/activities inhibited by vitamin D.On the contrary, the green circles indicate the cytokines intensify by vitaminD.ConclusionsKnowledge of the physiology and pathology of vitamin D is currently increasing at a rapid rate. The realisation that vitamin D can act in a paracrine and autocrine manner in addition to its well-described endocrine action opens up considerable opportunities for the development of new understanding of the requirement for an adequate vitamin D status for optimal health. It is load-bearing(a) that the relatively simple and cheap practice of maintaining an adequate vitamin D status has the potential to provide health benefits in a number of areas, which afflict an increasing proportion of the population, as well as eliminate an increasing proportion of the he althcare budget to provide treatment. The reduction of the risk of hip fracture in the elderly is one such area.A high priority of research must be to separate the critical 25OHD values required to maintain a healthy skeleton in the elderly. As well research must determine whether a low vitamin D status influences the development of cancer, whether it increases the absolute risk of cancer or whether it modulates the growth or invasiveness of cancers. Clinical laboratory professionals have a responsibility to improve the precision and accuracy of current 25OHD assays in clinical use. This work will require the collaboration between the profession and instrument and reagent manufacturers. The International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine is in an optimal position to coordinate such a project.

023 Understand Child and Young Person development Essay Example for Free

023 Understand Child and Young Person tuition EssayAge lean Explain the term and come in of phylogenesis 0-3 calendar months When born, babies show innate reflexes, much(prenominal) as sw go forthing and sucking, rooting reflex, labor reflex, bringle reflex, locomoteing and rest reflex in the first month babies arrest less curled up and the begetle reflex is pouching to fade toward the end of the third month babies start lifting and twist their heads. 3-6 monthsWhen lying on front babies faecal matter lift their arms and legs balancing on their tummies they plenty stool and grab a tamper and they empennage pass it from one hand to an opposite they can to a fault roll from their backs to front nigh sixth month babies be neat fitted to sit with concentrate (e. g. high chair). 6-9 months Babies can sit without tolerate they atomic number 18 undertakening to crawl or find different ways of being mobile (bottom-shuffling) starting to use fingers to feed . 9-12 monthsBabies be becoming actually mobile, fast crawling, standing up by the furniture, some babies walk along the furniture using their hands to hold on developing abilities to handle objects and roveting them into containers babies fit to feed themselves with fingers. 1-2 historic dot At the commencement of this current babies ar beginning to walk and around 18 months they ar becoming much and to a greater extent skilful on their feet, moving faster toddlers around this age begin to sit and push with their legs to move on the sit-and-ride toys.Towards their succor year fryren walk confidently, they can run and climb towards the end of the second year some electric razorren ar becoming ready to start tooshie training. 2-4 historic outcome In the third year infantren start lot training they take able to push with feet or peddle a tricycle tikeren can walk upstairs alternating their feet towards the end of the this period children ar skilful enough to feed and dress themselves they argon able to do threading, pouring and they can use scissors. 4-7 geezerhood Physical exploitation less rapid, exclusively skills are becoming more(prenominal) re bewitchingd and movements more coordinated.Ability to kick and control b every last(predicate) ontogenesis of fine motor skills essential for hand paternity. 7-12 years Good coordination of small and large movements growing physical skilfulness delegacy task can be done faster, more accurately and more confidently neater drawing and writing accurate cutting. Between 9 and 12 children gain even demote coordination and speed in fine and gross motor skills. Around 11th year the bodies of some girls are starting to change (growing breasts) and some capacity start their periods. 12-16 years Gradual body changes in both girls and boys (girls physically mature quicker around 15/ 16 than boys around 17/18.Fast body changes whitethorn run spatial assuredness which can flex occasionally poor as a result. 16-19 years The maturing of the body is finishing with the full breeding of intimate organs the body is taking a distinctive female or male shape. 023 Table 2 Intellectual and cognitive emergence Age range Explain the sequence and rate of emergence 0-3 months kinda early on babies are able to recognise the smell of their mother and her voice posterior they change state familiar with voices of in-chief(postnominal) others and they can be calmed when they hear them they are interested in faces.In their tertiary month babies start to diametriciate between day and night (settled routine) babies become interested in mobiles and other objects around them. 3-6 months Babies are becoming interested in what is accident around them, turning their head in the direction of interest objects are being explored by hands and mouth. 6-9 months Developing fine motor skills allow babies for a make better exploration of objects by handling and touching with fingers around 8 or 9 months babies image object permanence (objects continue to exists even when out of sight).9-12 months Babies are more sure of what is happening around them, they are starting to understand routines by means of and by means of signals (bib = food) 1-2 years Children enjoy pop-up and posting toys and in their second year they are starting to select a go at simplistic jigsaw puzzles and twist bricks. 2-4 years Children pretend play with miniature macrocosm they more interested in books, mark fashioning and painting. In their fourth year children are able to concentrate and focus longer on activities which which caught their interest. 4-7 yearsChildren begin to do some simple counting and calculations, recognizing letters is followed by gradual decoding of simple spoken delivery and later by reading. 7-12 years reading material and writing is becoming easier, children start reading taciturnly to themselves. Play becomes more organized and follows rules. Development of thinking and reasoning is a aloned through with(predicate) independent enigma solving. 12-16 years Further development of reasoning and problem solving children are gradually starting to understand more abstract concepts. 16-19 yearscognitive abilities are becoming besides refined, leading to high train skills in little flock. 023 Table 3 Communication development Age range Explain the sequence and rate of development 0-3 months To start with babies express their hunger, tiredness or other discontent through insistent around 5th/6th week babies start to coo when content in the third month babies start smiling and reciprocate smiles. 3-6 months Babies starting to understand a little of what is being s guardianship and they are starting to give some communicating signals themselves (e. g.raised arms when they want to be picked up). 6-9 months Babies become sooner vocal, babbling with a differentiated tuneful string of sounds. They are also starting to understand heterogeneou s historic key words connected with their routines (e. g. ?dinner? ). 9-12 months Babies clearly show they understand more of what is being said around them/ to them. Babbling is pacify main way of discourse. 1-2 years First messageful sounds/ words are beginning to emerge around 13 months, and at the end of 2nd year children qualification nurse a vocabulary of about 200 words. 2-4 yearsLanguage is becoming a effectual means of communication. From connecting two words first children are beginning gradually to build up sentences and their talk of the t suffer is becoming understandable even to those who are non in uniform contact with the child. rase though at that place might be the odd mistake in the sentence structure, the verbiage toward the end of this period is becoming fluent and children ask questions and generally enjoy expressing themselves through language. 4-7 years Children are becoming mired with scripted language they are starting to aim to read and wr ite.7-12 years Reading and writing becomes easier straightway at the beginning of this period children enjoy telling jokes to others apart from chatting, children are beginning to be able to form a simple argument and be persuasive, they are becoming increasingly able to talk over with others. Their writing shows more grammatical awareness as well as own imagination. 12-16 years Reading and writing skills are becoming very impregnable and children are becoming increasingly skilful in n egotiating and persuasion of others (peers and adults). 16-19 yearsCommunication with peers is becoming very all important(p) differentiation between formal and intimate language and its use in real life is becoming more and more important revolutionary people use different means to communicate (via phones, mobile messaging, emails, facebook, etc. ). 023 Table 4 Social, mad and conductal development Age range Explain the sequence and rate of development 0-3 months First neighborly contacts a re being established mainly during feeding at the end of the first month babies start to show first smiles which then gradually become response to familiar faces.3-6 months Babies smile and squeal with disport when playing with familiar others. 6-9 months Babies try to stay close to their firsthand worryrs and around 8 months babies may become distressed when their primary carer leaves. 9-12 months Babies are fixed on their carers and do not want to be with strangers. 1-2 years Children start notice other children around them and they show some interest in them and later start parallel play. They also start show some frustrations and tantrums as they gradually discover some boundaries. 2-4 yearsChildren play alongside others and may start copying their actions. Around the third year children become more aware of others and their holds which also reflects in their play which is gradually starting to be more and more cooperative. Children enjoy being praised by adults. 4-7 years Developing language is overhauling children to form better relationships and children begin to show some preferences in fellowships. 7-12 years Friendships are becoming more s remand and more important and may influence decision making (if my friend is doing something I might be more liable(predicate) doing it also).Gender specific play is becoming more apparent. Children start to compare themselves to others. Children enjoy being inclined some responsibilities. 12-16 years Friends and friendships are very important and gradually opinions from friends might feel more important that those of parents/ carers. This leads to exploration and challenge of the boundaries of relationships as well as cracking to deal with disagreements, arguments, etc. There are anxieties coming from pressures from school. 16-19 yearsYoung people enjoy being with their friends, they are finding dis covering fire their own someoneal identity and sense of belonging to a group/ groups of specific charact eristics which defines for them who they are (religious groups, sport group, goth, etc. ) 023 Table 5 Moral development Age range Explain the sequence and rate of development 0-3 months 3-6 months 6-9 months 9-12 months Children might start paying attention to no and might stop their behaviour for a moment. 1-2 years Children are beginning to understand no and they start using it themselves.2-4 years At the beginning of this phase still no understanding what is right or wrong but children understand when they are said No. afterwardwards they become able to follow some simple rules. Around 4 years children are becoming thoughtful at times but close to of the times impart decide what to do on the basis of adult approval. 4-7 years Children are beginning to understand rules they try to understand them, follow them and may attempt to create their own rules where no rules are apt(p) (made-up game with friends). 7-12 yearsChildren share their cognition of rules with others and leave alone readily point out if someone breaks the rules. Later they are becoming more aware of behaviour consequences and they are generally becoming more thoughtful. 12-16 years Children are beginning to be aware of a pornographicger picture rules of communities and societies and they are beginning to understand the need for that. 16-19 years There is a interest in moral issues, finding out that right and wrong is not always unappeasable and white. Questioning and testing of rules. A2 Answer the following questions. 1.What is the difference between sequence of development and rate of development? 2. Why is the difference important? (Ref 1. 2) Q1. What is the difference between a sequence of development and rate of development? Sequence of development is the order in which development occurs, e. g. children are able to sit before they learn to crawl. The order of the sequences in development are always the same (even though there might be some item-by-item differences babies always learn to move about before standing up and walking, but some babies bottom-shuffle instead of crawling).Rate, on the other hand, is the speed in which single(a)s go through the heads/ sequences of development. Most children learn to walk when they are about 12 months old. However, some babies might be ready to walk when they are 10 months old and others when they are 15 months old. Individuals might also be developing with different rate in different areas, e. g. some children might be developing quickly physically, but their speech might be stoped. These person differences are results of genetic predispositions and other biological influences as well as environmental rousing.Q2. Why is the difference important? Knowing the sequences of development in different areas is important for practitioners to be able to plan accordingly and indeed to reenforcement the development in individuals. The rate of the development is important in terms of recognizing any atypical development and recommending/ searching any additional interventions when needed. TASK B issue table Research and report B1 Complete a table as shown on the following page, identifying the different personal and remote factors that influence children and young peoples development.(Ref 2. 1, 2. 2) B2 Produce a report to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding of differing theories of development. This report should identify how these theories have influenced current practice and include the following Cognitive (e. g. Piaget) Psychoanalytic (e. g. Freud) Humanist (e. g. Maslow) Social erudition (e. g. Bandura) Operant instruct (e. g. Skinner) Behaviourist (e. g. Watson) Social pedagogy. Over the years there have been many theories trying to explain accredited aspects of development, behaviour, nurture, etc.In the following textual matter we volition look at the intimately influential theories which are being used by practitioners in better understanding as well as day to day work w ith children and young people. afterward a brief description of how an individual scheme was founded, we will discuss the key points for work at nurseries. Theory of cognitive development (Constructivist forward motion) Theory of cognitive development is connected with the name of Jean Piaget (1896-1980) who through work on intelligence tests started to notice how children at same stages make very similar mistakes in their tasks and problem solving nestlees.Piaget then closely observed his own children, capturing their development in details and later using these observations to create a scheme of cognitive development. Piaget considered children as active learners who create ? schemas? (believes) about the world based on their experiences. This is how they make sense about what is happening around them. However, a child? s schemas are going to be challanged time to time by untested and unexpected experiences and as a result existing schema will have to adapted to fit these in (e. g.touching something sweltering will alter the notion that everything is safe to touch and child will learn that legitimate objects can hurt when being touched). Piaget? s theory influenced the practice by having a ? child-centred? approach. In our setting, for exemplar, we make even observations on what our children are interested in and what they like to play/ do. After careful evaluations and identifications of feasible coterminous steps of development we plan activities which as well as reflecting children? s interest also further challenge them to encourage the development.Psychoanalytic theory of personality Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) suggested that every personality has got three parts to it id, ego and superego. We all are born with id, which is the part of our personality that is driven by our desires and reflects in pleasure- reassureking behaviour. Id is selfish and passionate and it is purely after satisfying its needs, known as ? gratification?. However, thro ugh social contact and learning babies/children gradually learn to be aware of the outside world and eventually of needs of others.They will be developing ego, which is able to plan the actions so the needs of the individual can still be met but in more socially desired way, e. g. ability to wait for once turn when the food is being served at pre-school settings. This is called ? differed gratification?. Later, as a result of further parenting and learning about social and heathen values, the superego is developed. Superego could be draw as an internalised parent as the child is starting to be aware of what is untroubled and what is bad without external reminder e.g. I must not hit because it hurts. If the behaviour trespasses the imperatives of the superego, the individual will feel guilt as they are now aware that their behaviour was bad (this is referred as ? conscience? ). Apart from judging conscience, superego has got a notion of an ego-ideal to which it will strive. When ego demonstrates good behaviour the ego-ideal part of superego will reward this, e. g. feeling good after doing something for someone else even when external praise is not present.Even though Freud has been criticised for basing his description and business relationships of development on sexual motives, some of his theoretical concepts are now wide accepted (e. g. the concept of unconscious mind id and most of superego). One could say that orientation on children? s needs might be partly inspired by Freud? s ideas about the dynamics of id, ego and superego. Too strong superego and suppressed unconscious id will lead to many problems in adult life, where individual tries to live mainly by what is required by the outside world rather than allowing themselves to follow own desires.In early years well-preserved development of ego can be supported by putting the child and their needs in the centre of our attention activities and work with children is individualized and child-led, ye t still well planned and safe. For example, in our setting we might notice that a particular child enjoys orifice and closing doors, gates, etc. Instead of completely discouraging him from doing that we might identify situations when it might be discriminate for him/her to do so and explain the necessary things around it in a child-friendly way (e.g. When everybody has got their shoes on, you can open the door, Henry. , We will keep the gate closed now, because we are going to play in the jet now. , Mind your fingers when closing the door you could close them in and that would really hurt. , etc. ). If we say ? no? to children it is good to make sure that the child knows about the reasons behind our decisions (even though they might find it hard initially anyway, they are more promising to come round and understand it in their own time).Humanistic theory of motivation and personality Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) Maslow studied motivation in people and came up with what is now k nown as Hierarchy of Needs. Maslow divided the needs into five categories (physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, self-actualisation) and put them in hierarchical order from the most essential and basic needs to higher-order needs. Maslow argues that it is necessary to fulfil the needs from from the bottom of the hierarchy first to be able to meet the needs of higher order.Only when all the other cast down needs are met, an individual can focus on fulfilling the highest needs of self-actualisation, much(prenominal) as creativity, problem solving, morality, etc. In our practice we are aware, that when a child is for example overtired and hungry (the most basic physiological needs), there is no space to try to fit in other things, e. g. ?wait for your turn? , ? say please? ,. (which would be working on their higher order needs, such as love/belonging (friendship) or esteem (respect for others, respect by others).This child at that stage needs to be fed and put to eternal re st as soon as possible and other input has to wait until the child is once more able to tune to it/ receive it. Social cognitive theory Social cognitive theory has its grow in behaviouristic approach. However, Albert Bandura (born 1925), even though accepting learning by conditioning, argued that lots of learning happens through social observations (? observational learning? ). Observational learning is when children copy what other children or adults do in comparison to conditioning, observational learning happens spontaneously and often without the need for sustenance.Cognitive abilities seem to play an important role in observational learning as children need to be capable to notice the action itself as well as remember it accurately. As staff we need to be mindful in the way we act and interact in front of children as they are likely to copy our behaviour. In accordance with the social cognitive theory we try to set good examples to the children in our settings by viewing go od manners and being courteous to them as well as to one another.Behaviourist approach to learning operant conditioning Operant conditioning is based on classical conditioning (I. P. Pavlov J. B. Watson), which teaches that certain behaviour/ reaction can be connected with a stimulus through conditioning, e. g. fear of cats after a bad experience with a cat. F. B. Skinner (1904-1990) however took this a bit further and through experiments mainly with pigeons and rats showed that learning can be strengthen by reinforcements, such as positive reinforcement (praise, sticker, attention, etc.), prejudicious reinforcement (this is removing something which is negative from the situation so it no longer poses a ? bane? or causes negative emotions and the whole experience becomes more positive, e. g. child does want to play with a toy because it is scared of the noises it makes by switching the sound off, the child is able to explore the toy) and punishers (negative consequence which is likely to thwart individuals to repeat their behaviour e. g. touching hot iron).Skinner researched most effective ways to retain the learnt behaviour and he found out that even though continuous positive reinforcement is good at the beginning of the learning, later unpredictable positive reinforcement keeps the learnt behaviour in place for longer period of time. This is because even though the reward comes frequently, we are not sure when it is going to come next and therefore we keep doing the behaviour. At our setting we might be using operant conditioning for example when we are table serviceing a child to potty train.First every sitting on the potty, regardless of results will be rewarded. When the child gets into the habit of sitting on the potty, then only successful potty posing will be rewarded with a sticker (however praise for trying when unsuccessful remains). When starting to do incessantly this stickers might gradually become praise and sticker will be awarded i f the child successfully asks for potty when they need it. Behaviourist approach to learning Classical conditioning J. B. Watson (1878 1958) followed I. P.Pavlov? s work on classical conditioning with animals (dogs salivating when food arrived became then salivating even at the mere sight of the bowl Pavlov took this further by conditioning completely unrelated food stimulus, such as bell or light, which after fixing presence at the mealtimes would later on its own initiate the salivating response in dogs). Watson showed that classical conditioning is possible in humans as well (famous Little Albert experiment, where a baby was conditioned to have fear of rats).Classical conditioning is not really used in practice as a active way of teaching, however its theory can be used for observational purposes (e. g. recognising when sucking leaf signals hunger etc. ). Social pedagogy Social pedagogy is a discipline which brings together theory and practice in order to assure the best and holistic way of supporting children in their development and education. The overall aim of social pedagogy is to give children and young people the best possible chances for their hereafter lives.In accordance with social pedagogy the Early Years Foundation Stage Framework (EYFS) has been devised to stimulate the development in early years and to help professionals to monitor, plan and support in effect individual development. For better and focused understanding the development has been divided into seven areas, out of which three are recognised as prime areas (Personal, Social and Emotional Development Communication and Language Physical Development) and four are described as specific areas of development (Literacy Mathematics Understanding the World Expressive Arts and Design).The support the professionals can provide is differentiated into helpful advice in positive relationship and suggestions for enabling environments. In EYFS we can see influence of Piaget? s work in enabli ng environments where the focus is predominantly on individual? s own experience. We can also strongly identify the theory of ? zone of proximal development? by Vygotsky (cognitive development) in EYFS as we can easily identify where children are in their development, what is the next developmental stage for them and how we can support this next step.023 Personal and external factors influencing development B3 Personal Factors lapse ONE explanation of a positive influence on the development of children and young people Health consideration given by genetic predispositions as well as environmental factors, such as diet, pollution, stress, etc. If corpulency is genetically passed on in the family than healthy diet together with developing positive attitude towards unbroken exercise will help the child to maintain a good health. Disability Physical impairment, such as missing or underdeveloped limb Wheel chair together with barrier exculpate environment (e.g. lifts, ramps, low sin ks, etc. ) will help to support independence of an individual. Sensory impairment opthalmic impairments, hearing impairments, death-blindness, When working with individuals with visual impairment, we can use the other senses to compensate and provide necessary stimulation which helps the development, e. g. using special toys/ learning material which uses touch and sound as a mean of gaining information. However, if there is some vision left (which usually there is), the environment can be adjusted by using contrast colours, non-reflective material, good lighting, etc.Learning difficulties Dyslexia, dyspraxia, dysgraphia, dysortographia, ADHD, ADD Children with ADHD benefit from having a regular routine. Activities needs to be short circuit and well planned with simple and easy to follow instructions. Hands-on activities with regular physical exercise and lots of praise are essential. External Factors Poverty and deprivation poor diet, brusque housing, lack of education, lack of ac cess to play and leisure, low aspirations and expectations Good education can help the individual to break from the poverty and secure them a better brighter future.Family environment/background neglecting parents, abusive parents, parents with alcohol or other drug-taking problems, ill parents who are not able to provide adequate environment for their children, etc. Parents who are ill and no longer able to fully provide for their children could be provided with carers who would help with the overall savourless running of the household, caring for needs of the disabled parent and the needs of the children, while keeping the family itself together.Personal choices from certain age children/ young people make some decisions for themselves which can have effect on their development, e. g. taking drugs, changing their diet, etc. To help to prevent drug-taking it is important to support the development of a positive self-image and healthy self-esteem education and raising awareness of dangers of drug-abuse is also a helpful preventative measure. Looked after/care status children in residential care, in foster families, in their own family but having care status (they are the responsibility of local authorities).If children are being fostered it is beneficial if siblings can stay together. Education educational system, through family itself, through other groups (religious groups, sport groups, hobbies and interests, etc. ) Finding out strengths of an individual (which do not have to necessarily academic) and building upon those to build a healthy self-esteem and comprehension of self-worth this can help to compe with other weaker areas in a positive way. 023 Task C musical theme Produce a short report in the form of an induction pack for new staff at a setting, covering the following. a.Give two examples of assessment methods that could be used to monitor a child/young persons development. (Ref 3. 1) b. Give three examples of why sometimes child/young persons development does not follow the expected pattern. (Ref 3. 2) c. Give one explanation of how disability can impact and collide with development. (Ref 3. 3) d. Give three examples of different fictitious characters of intervention that could promote positive emergences for the child/young person, where development is not following the expected pattern. (Ref 3. 4) a. In our setting we use some(prenominal) assessment methods to monitor our children?s development. The most used one is a short free description on sticky labels these capture a specific short observation in a specific area of development (e. g. Physical Development) the involvement and the identified area/ areas get recorded on the label. This method of recording information is useful for fabrication evidence of the progress of development in specific areas and building a developmental profile of an individual child. We also use specific observation sheets, on which we capture a more detailed and compound observatio n.In the next section on the sheet the observation is evaluated and areas of the development are identified (often more than one). In the last section we identify the next steps for the child and how we can help the child to achieve that. We have two types of observation sheets in our settings following this format one is purely scripted observation, the other one is a photo observation sheet. This method of recording and evaluation allows us not only to add to the developmental profile of each child but also to plan effectively to further support the child? s development. b.There are many possible reason why at times the development might not follow the expected pattern. Apart from the most overt ones, such as disabilities and special learning needs, the development can get affected by external factors, such as environmental reasons, cultural reasons, social reasons and specific individual reasons, such as unrestrained reasons, physical reasons and communication difficulties. En vironmental reasons Among environmental reasons which may affect child? s development is for example where and in what conditions a child lives and what type of school they attend.Social reasons There might be big differences between children in terms of wealth of their families, family status and family structure (big family with strong bonds in comparison to split up parents with negative mutual relationship), education of parents as well as their ability to tune themselves to the needs of their children all of these will affect the way children will be developing. Communication skills Slower developing communication skills have got strength to negatively influence the development in other areas.The inability to effectively express themselves may result in frustrations in children and aggressive behaviour as well as consequently lower literacy skills. Similar effects can be observed in children whose families? language is not the dominant language of the country. If the dominan t language is not fully acquired the child may significantly struggle once at school. c. Disability can affect more than one area of development as children can become frustrated and their self-esteem can be lowered. The attitudes of low expectations and stereotyping by others will also have a secondary negative impact on a child? s development.d. There are several ways how difficulties in development can be recognised, monitored and positively supported. Educational establishments will have appoint SENCO, a person who is responsible for identification and organising further support for children with special needs. If appropriate Educational psychologist will be contacted to make a full assessment and recommendations in how to support individuals in education (behavioural problems and learning difficulties). Suggested interventions may be discussed with parents and with learning support assistants and individual educational plan might be written up and followed.If there are any iss ues with speech and communication, Speech and language therapist will be consulted the outcomes of the assessment will lead to a specific plan of action, often involving regular contact in which special exercises will be explained, practised and taught to children and their parents/carers/other professionals for them to be able to support the children outside the sessions. If a child? s physical development is affected, physiotherapist can provide help with special exercises and massages to aid the physical development, maximize the range of movement and develop the appropriate movement control.Task D Report Produce a report which explains the following a. Why is early identification of speech, language or communication delay important for a child/young persons well-being? (Ref 4. 1) b. What are the potential risks for the child/young persons well-being if any speech, language or communication delay is not identified early? (Ref 4. 1) c. Analyse the importance of early identificati on of the potential risks of late recognition to speech, language and communication delays and disorders. (Ref 4. 1) d.Who might be involved in a multi-agency team to support a child/young persons speech, language and communication development? (Ref 4. 2) e. How, when and why would a multi-agency approach be applied? (Ref 4. 3) f. Give four different examples of play opportunities and describe how you would put them into practice to support the development of a child/young persons speech, language and communication. (Ref 4. 3) a. Early identification of the language and communication difficulties is important as it can support the development to prevent further (secondary) impact on other areas.Also, as the brains in young children have not finished their development, the earlier we can intervene, the better prospects of success we have. b. Problems in language and communication can have a negative effect on other areas of development, such as cognitive and social development. Child ren with language and communication difficulties are more likely to struggle at school in learning to read and write, which can have further negative impact not only on other subjects but more importantly on their self-esteem. Children with such problems can become gradually isolated. c.Early identification of the potential risks of late recognition to speech, language and communication delays and disorders is very important in terms of putting the most appropriate interventions in place to support the development and benefit the children? s needs. Well timed and well tailored intervention has got the potential to optimize the development and to minimize potential negative impact for other areas of development. d. In the multi-agency team to support the child with speech, language and communication there will be the child? s GP or a health visitor, who will make a referral to a speech and language specialist.If there is a indecision that the communication difficulties are connected with learning difficulties Educational Psychologist will be consulted. When it is decided on the type of intervention needed, the parents, the educational setting professionals and the rest of the team should work together in order to devour the chosen intervention in order to meet the needs of the child. e. Multi-agency approach is used when parents and/ or other professionals (such as GP, early years settings, etc. ) have recognised that a child is in need of additional help to aid the development. incompatible professionals are involved in the assessment of the needs (e. g. GP to assess potential hearing or other impairments) and speech and language therapist devises the best possible individual support. Multi-agency approach brings together different fields of expertise to assure the best possible outcome for the child. f. There are many informal opportunities how children? s communication and language development can be supported. These might often be more effective than form al exercises as they naturally meet the child in they world of play, making it more motivating and fun.Nursery rhymes and songs Children enjoy joining in greenhouse rhymes and songs. These are short and memorable and their rhythmical pattern make them perfect little exercises for developing language, pronunciation and fluency (good practice when transaction with stutter). Books are perfect for developing passive and active vocabulary, understanding meaning of words and learning correct sentence structure informally. Books are a wonderful way to outpouring children? s imagination as well as teaching them to express themselves about the world around them by providing the relevant vocabulary.Pictures in books make it possible for children from the earliest age to actively engage with the invoice as well as to engage in a dialogue with another person. Dressing up and role play again helps the child in an informal way to engage in lecture and communication with others whilst enjoyi ng the imaginative play. Puppets are a fantastic way how to involve children in communication through play. Children are fascinated by puppets and enjoy adults taking active part in their play, which again allows for an hazard to develop language and communication in a fun way. 023 Task E Complete tableComplete the table on the next page, showing how the different types of transitions can affect children and young peoples development and evaluate how having positive relationships during this period of transition would be of benefit. Additional Guidance Different types are a. Emotional, affected by personal experience, e. g. bereavement, entering/leaving care. b. Physical, e. g. moving to a new educational establishment, a new home/locality, from one activity to another. c. Physiological e. g. puberty, long-term medical conditions. d. Intellectual, e. g. moving from pre-school to primary, to post-primary. (Ref 5. 1, 5. 2)Give ONE specific example of a transition Give ONE possible ef fect on children and young peoples development Evaluate the benefit of a positive relationship during this period of transition provide ONE example Emotional Bereavement Depression which may affect sleep pattern, children may become lethargic and less interested in engaging in any activities which may affect they social, emotional and cognitive development Positive relationship with open communication and listening skills allows for a child to ask difficult questions and share their worries and sadness, to talk over difficult memories and anxieties about the future.This may help with overcoming the past and the sadness. Physical Moving home Moving home may effect the children social development as they may lose previous friends and find themselves unable to fit in new friendship groups. Some children might start having food issues, such as overeating to deal with anxieties. This can affect their emotional, social and physical development. Positive relation can provide a helping han d with dealing with the new situation while supporting the self-esteem and encouraging the confidence in a young person.Positive relationship can also act as model of skills of how to establish a new relationship. Physiological Gaining a physical disability e. g. lost limb Withdrawal children may become very solitary, unable and unwilling to join in with their peers, which can affect their physical, emotional, social as well as cognitive development. Positive relationship will communicate acceptance and healthy support in dealing with a life-changing situation this should help in dealing with difficulties as they come IntellectualMoving from pre-school to primary school Lack of concentration and motivation as the child might feel overwhelmed by new routines and new demands which they might find very difficult this may affect their natural cognitive development and they might regress into safer younger stage of development. Positive relationship will allow for a child to feel saf e, valued and as achieving (in their own pace) by identifying the appropriate approach of working with the child with the sensitivity to their specific needs and pace of development.

Beauty Myth Essay Example for Free

Beauty Myth EssayThe lulu myth, how what others perceive as what beauty is can, entrust be and has been used against women. Advertising developncies and Hollywood are portrait to young girls and women that youth, beauty and love go together to make a complete and happy macrocosm in life. From reality goggle box shows such as Toddlers and Tiaras, to youth c solidificationhing stores such as Justice, and dive beauty ads geared toward women of either ages the portrayal of having to be sanely is everywhere you look. Toddlers and Tiaras is a reality boob tube show of the behind the scenes events of child beauty pageants. The children on the show are spray tanned, erupt makeup, and wear fake copper. And the thing that baffles me most about all of this is that the children are all under the age of 7. I dont know of anyone that doesnt remember what happened to Jon Benet who was a child beauty queen but yet there are still hundreds of parents that a dress up their children lik e little dolls and enjoin them on national tv for the world to see. These little kids are being t sr. to be more sightly or for the boys to be more handsome, and to excel at their looks at such a young age when the focus should be on teaching them fundamentals of life and to love themselves as they are.The picture preceding(prenominal) is from the shows website on TLC online. All of the little girls are so beautiful forward and look absolutely ridiculous after they are all done up. This type of show has make me shy away from watching anything of TLC because I dont want to support a company that will exploit children in that way. TLC also has a spinoff of one of the contestants that is too old for the Toddlers and Tiaras show and she has her own show now called Here Comes Honey Boo-Boo. It is yet another show that I will not watch because it makes me angry not only towards the station but also towards the parents of all of these children.On a more personal note, I recently went shopping for my goddaughter who gaminged 6 eld old. I went shopping for garment for her and she is the first little girl that I have shopped for in the lastly ten years so it amazed me how hard it was to find c plowhes for her that seemed age appropriate. A lot of the stores I went to, Justice included, had very few clothes that didnt resemble those of clothing you would find in the juniors or adult sections also.My goddaughter is a little girl who is a tomboy and she doesnt like a lot of the clothes that are covered in glitter and words, but she is also getting erstwhile(a) and doesnt always want to wear the t-shirts with cartoon characters on them either. It makes me wonder what little girls clothes will look like when I have children. I would want them to look like little kids, not little kids playing dress up.Advertising agencies arent much better than stores, marketing, and television. My recent experiences watching television commercials and ads on you tube led me to the Dove website. There is a link on the website with their social mission, it is apprehension about beauty begins at an early age, and can even keep girls from doing what they love. You can change that with a conversation. Reach out to the girl in your life and talk to her about beauty, confidence and self-esteem. There is a lot about this statement that I like, and I would like it all if I had not antecedently seen Dove ads on you tube and television on the evolution of beauty. In a lux second ad they change a plain, pretty girl into an exquisitely beautiful one with her whisker done and makeup on.The mission statement on the Dove website is great everything they say in it is blemish on for young girls and even young men. But they should state that beauty comes in all forms. So many young people are trying to alter their appearances with makeup and jewelry and various hairstyles and hair colors they need to also be told that natural is beautiful too.These days you cant turn on the t elevision or even the radio without hearing and seeing ads for laser hair remotion or lasik eye surgery to eliminate glasses, all things that have been made to be seen as indecent in the looks department. In the past there was a television reality show called The Swan which was a makeover show where they take a woman or man that is seen as ugly in alliance and change their appearance so drastically that they are almost unrecognizable to their friends and family. Other reality television shows that I can think of off the top of my head are What Not to Wear, ambuscade Eye for the Straight Guy and Extreme Makeover Weight Loss Edition.So many shows that essentially start with telling people how ugly they are personally or even just the clothes they choose to wear make them ugly. It all reminds me of a quote that I heard a lot growing up and that is Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder. Just because what I think is pretty someone else may not, does not make it ugly and vice versa.